Green odor and depressive-like state in rats: Toward an evidence-based alternative medicine?
Green odor and depressive-like state in rats: Toward an evidence-based alternative medicine?
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DOI：
10.1016/j.bbr.2011.06.001
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发表时间：
2011-10-31
影响因子：
2.7
通讯作者：
Tachibana, Hiroto
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Watanabe, Tatsuo;Fujihara, Miho;Tachibana, Hiroto
人们普遍认为，精神压力是抑郁症等心理障碍发生的重要因素。根据现有的证据，这种所谓的绿色气味可能会对暴露在压力环境中的动物起到缓解和镇静的作用。采用强迫游泳实验和习得性无助范式两种抑郁行为模型，我们研究了吸入绿色气味(反式-2-己烯醛和顺式-3-己烯醇的50：50混合物)是否可以缓解和/或防止实验诱导的大鼠抑郁样状态。每天游泳3分钟，连续7天，不动时间显著延长(与第1天相比)。吸入绿色气味，但不吸入车辆，10天后(不游泳)，延长的不动时间显著缩短，海马区脑源性神经营养因子(BDNF)水平显著增加。在习得性无助感范式中，在主动回避测试中看到的失败次数和在电击舱中花费的时间在那些在休克后筛选测试后吸入绿色气味11天的大鼠(与暴露于车辆的大鼠相比)中都显著减少。连续10天连续暴露于绿色气味或车辆中的大鼠每天游泳3min。在第6-10天，绿色气味组的不动时间明显短于车辆暴露组。这些结果表明，绿色气味不仅对大鼠的抑郁状态具有治疗作用，而且还具有预防作用。这些影响可能至少部分归因于绿色气味诱导的海马区BDNF上调。(C)2011爱思唯尔B.V.保留所有权利。
It is widely accepted that mental stress is an important factor in the development of psychological disorders such as depression. On pre-existing evidence, the so-called green odor may have a relieving and sedative effect on animals exposed to stressful situations. Using two behavioral models of depression, the forced-swim test and learned helplessness paradigm, we investigated whether inhalation of green odor (a 50:50 mixture of trans-2-hexenal and cis-3-hexenol) might alleviate and/or prevent experimentally induced depressive-like states in rats. A 3-min swim every day for 7 days resulted in significant prolongation of immobility time (vs. day 1). Inhaling green odor, but not vehicle, thereafter for 10 days (without swimming) led to the prolonged immobility time being significantly reduced and the hippocampal level of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) being significantly increased. In the learned helplessness paradigm, the failure number and time spent in the shock compartment seen in the active avoidance test were both significantly attenuated in those rats that inhaled green odor for 11 days after the postshock screening test (vs. vehicle-exposed rats). Finally, for 10 consecutive days rats continuously exposed to green odor or vehicle swam for 3 min/day. Immobility time was significantly shorter in the green-odor group than in the vehicle-exposed group on days 6-10. These results suggest that green odor has not only a therapeutic, but also a preventive effect on depressive-like states in rats. These effects may be at least in part due to a green odor-induced upregulation of BDNF in the hippocampus. (C) 2011 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.