How Wasps Acquire and Use Views for Homing
How Wasps Acquire and Use Views for Homing
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DOI：
10.1016/j.cub.2015.12.052
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发表时间：
2016-02-22
期刊：
影响因子：
9.2
通讯作者：
Hemmi, Jan M.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Stuerzl, Wolfgang;Zeil, Jochen;Hemmi, Jan M.
筑巢昆虫执行学习飞行，以建立一个视觉表示的巢环境，使他们能够随后返回到巢。目前还不清楚昆虫在这些飞行中何时学习什么，是什么决定了它们的整体结构，特别是，学习的东西如何用于指导昆虫的回归。我们分析了学习飞行在地面筑巢黄蜂（Sphecidae：Cerceris australis）使用同步高速摄像机，以确定3D头部位置和方向。黄蜂沿着以巢穴入口为中心的沿着移动，因此视线的快速变化确保在左侧或右侧视野的横向位置看到巢穴。在扫视之间，黄蜂沿着围绕巢穴的沿着平移，同时保持凝视。我们重建了沿着学习和归巢黄蜂路径的全景图，以测试黄蜂在学习飞行过程中学习的内容以及它们如何使用这些信息来引导它们返回的具体预测。我们的证据表明，黄蜂监测不断变化的意见，在学习飞行和使用的差异，他们的经验相对于以前遇到的意见，以决定何时开始开始一个新的弧。在遇到学习的意见，归巢黄蜂向左或向右移动，这取决于巢的方向与该意见，此外，似乎是由地面上的功能接近巢的指导。我们测试我们的预测，黄蜂如何使用视图归巢模拟归巢飞行的虚拟黄蜂引导的自然黄蜂环境的3D模型中呈现的视图。
Nesting insects performlearning flights to establish a visual representation of the nest environment that allows them to subsequently return to the nest. It has remained unclear when insects learn what during these flights, what determines their overall structure, and, in particular, how what is learned is used to guide an insect's return. We analyzed learning flights in ground-nesting wasps (Sphecidae: Cerceris australis) using synchronized high-speed cameras to determine 3D head position and orientation. Wasps move along arcs centered on the nest entrance, whereby rapid changes in gaze assure that the nest is seen at lateral positions in the left or the right visual field. Between saccades, the wasps translate along arc segments around the nest while keeping gaze fixed. We reconstructed panoramic views along the paths of learning and homing wasps to test specific predictions about what wasps learn during their learning flights and how they use this information to guide their return. Our evidence suggests that wasps monitor changing views during learning flights and use the differences they experience relative to previously encountered views to decide when to begin a new arc. Upon encountering learned views, homing wasps move left or right, depending on the nest direction associated with that view, and in addition appear to be guided by features on the ground close to the nest. We test our predictions on how wasps use views for homing by simulating homing flights of a virtual wasp guided by views rendered in a 3D model of a natural wasp environment.