Defense-related signaling by interaction of arabinogalactan proteins and β-glucosyl Yariv reagent inhibits gibberellin signaling in barley aleurone cells
Defense-related signaling by interaction of arabinogalactan proteins and β-glucosyl Yariv reagent inhibits gibberellin signaling in barley aleurone cells
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DOI：
10.1093/pcp/pcm175
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发表时间：
2008-02-01
影响因子：
4.9
通讯作者：
Suzuki, Yoshihito
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Mashiguchi, Kiyoshi;Urakami, Eriko;Suzuki, Yoshihito
阿拉伯半乳聚糖蛋白（AGPs）是存在于质膜和细胞外间隙中的富含羟脯氨酸的糖蛋白。一种合成化学物质，β-葡萄糖基Yariv试剂（β-GlcY），特异性结合AGP。我们以前报道，赤霉素信号被特异性地抑制大麦糊粉原生质体中的β-GlcY处理。在本研究中，我们发现β-GlcY也抑制赤霉素诱导的糊粉细胞程序性细胞死亡（PCD）。我们使用微阵列分析检测了β-GlcY对赤霉素信号传导的抑制作用的普遍性和特异性，发现β-GlcY在很大程度上有效地抑制赤霉素诱导的基因表达。此外，>100个基因以赤霉素非依赖性方式被β-GlcY上调，并且这些基因中的许多被归类为防御相关基因。几种防御系统诱导剂如茉莉酸和几丁质诱导剂可以抑制赤霉素诱导的事件，如α-淀粉酶的分泌，PCD和一些赤霉素诱导的基因在糊粉细胞中的表达。此外，β-GlcY抑制赤霉素诱导的Ca 2 +-ATP酶基因，这是赤霉素依赖的基因表达的重要，并诱导已知的赤霉素信号转导的阻遏物，两个WRKY基因和一个NAK激酶基因。β-GlcY的这些作用也被几丁质激发子和/或茉莉酸表型模仿。这些结果表明，赤霉素信号在糊粉层细胞中受到防御相关信号的调节。AGPs也可能参与引起防御反应的刺激的感知。
Arabinogalactan proteins (AGPs) are hydroxyproline-rich glycoproteins present at the plasma membrane and in extracellular spaces. A synthetic chemical, beta-glucosyl Yariv reagent (beta-GlcY), binds specifically to AGPs. We previously reported that gibberellin signaling is specifically inhibited by beta-GlcY treatment in barley aleurone protoplasts. In the present study, we found that beta-GlcY also inhibited gibberellin-induced programmed cell death (PCD) in aleurone cells. We examined the universality and specificity of the inhibitory effect of beta-GlcY on gibberellin signaling using microarray analysis and found that beta-GlcY was largely effective in repressing gibberellin-induced gene expression. In addition, >100 genes were up-regulated by beta-GlcY in a gibberellin-independent manner, and many of these were categorized as defense-related genes. Defense signaling triggered by several defense system inducers such as jasmonic acid and a chitin elicitor could inhibit gibberellin-inducible events such as alpha-amylase secretion, PCD and expression of some gibberellin-inducible genes in aleurone cells. Furthermore, beta-GlcY repressed the gibberellin-inducible Ca2+-ATPase gene which is important for gibberellin-dependent gene expression, and induced known repressors of gibberellin signaling, two WRKY genes and a NAK kinase gene. These effects of beta-GlcY were also phenocopied by the chitin elicitor and/or jasmonic acid. These results indicate that gibberellin signaling is under the regulation of defense-related signaling in aleurone cells. It is also probable that AGPs are involved in the perception of stimuli causing defense responses.