Histories of Social Engagement and Adult Cognition: Midlife in the U.S. Study
Histories of Social Engagement and Adult Cognition: Midlife in the U.S. Study
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DOI：
10.1093/geronb/gbq091
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发表时间：
2011-07-01
影响因子：
6.2
通讯作者：
Karlamangla, Arun S.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Seeman, Teresa E.;Miller-Martinez, Dana M.;Karlamangla, Arun S.
目标。评估社会接触、支持和社会压力/冲突是否与中老年人的执行功能和记忆能力有关。利用美国国家中年研究（MIDUS）的数据，研究了35-85岁人群的社会联系、支持和压力/冲突与执行功能和记忆的关系。我们还研究了与年龄相关的联想模式差异。在控制了年龄、性别、种族、教育、慢性健康状况和健康行为等因素后，回归分析显示，更多社会接触和支持的历史与执行功能和情景记忆之间存在显著的正相关，而社会接触的减少与这两项结果都呈负相关。以紧张或冲突为特征的较高的平均社会交流频率与执行功能呈负相关，但与情景记忆无关。不同年龄组的模式基本一致；在看到差异的地方，关联在更年轻的年龄组中更强。社会关系的积极和消极方面与整个成年期的认知有关，这与社会因素对认知有终身影响的假设是一致的。因此，社会参与的积极和消极方面可能是促进最佳认知发展和认知衰老的重要因素。
Objectives. To evaluate whether social contacts, support, and social strain/conflict are related to executive function and memory abilities in middle-age and older adults.Methods. Longitudinal data on social contacts, support, and strain/conflict were examined in relation to executive function and memory at ages 35-85 years using data from the national Midlife in the U.S. (MIDUS) study. Age-related differences in patterns of association were also examined.Results. Regression analyses, controlling for age, sex, race, education, chronic health conditions, and health behaviors, revealed significant positive associations between histories of greater social contacts and support and both executive function and episodic memory, whereas declines in social contacts were negatively associated with both outcomes. Greater average reported frequency of social exchanges characterized by strain or conflict was negatively associated with executive function but not episodic memory. Patterns were generally consistent across different age groups; where differences were seen, associations were stronger in younger age group.Discussion. Positive and negative aspects of social relationships are related to cognition throughout adulthood, consistent with the hypothesis that social factors have life-long influences on cognition. Positive and negative aspects of social engagement may thus be important factors to consider in relation to efforts to promote optimal cognitive development and cognitive aging.