ON DEPENDENT REPEATED SCREENING-TESTS
ON DEPENDENT REPEATED SCREENING-TESTS
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作者：
LAU, T
对已知真实身份的人进行n次筛查测试。如果超过k个测试结果为阳性，则该人被指定为筛查阳性；否则，该人被指定为筛查阴性。假设检验是可交换的，我们最多可以用n个被称为典范矩的参数来刻画检验之间可能的相关性，这些参数可以从数据中估计出来。复合检验的性能特征(如似然比、灵敏度和特异度)可以基于这些估计来计算。因此，我们可以选择n和k，这样就可以达到期望的似然比、灵敏度和特异度水平。我们详细研究了n=2和n=3的情形。
A screening test is applied n times to a person with known true status. If more than k tests have positive outcomes, then the person is assigned to be screen-positive; otherwise, the person is assigned to be screen-negative. Assuming that the tests are exchangeable, we can characterize the possible dependence among tests by at most n parameters called canonical moments, which can be estimated from the data. The performance characteristics of the composite test (such as likelihood ratios, sensitivity, and specificity) can be computed based on these estimates. Thus, we can choose n and k so that the desired levels of likelihood ratios, sensitivity, and specificity can be achieved. We study the cases n = 2 and n = 3 in detail.