Using Motivational Interviewing to Help Your Students.
Using Motivational Interviewing to Help Your Students.
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使用动机访谈来帮助您的学生。
DOI：
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发表时间：
2010
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
L. Sheldon
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
L. Sheldon
153动机访谈最初是成瘾康复中的一种咨询技术，是一种以客户为中心的工具，旨在做出改变，增加有益行为和减少不利行为。它依赖于个人对变革的内在动机和兴趣，使用一种非对抗性的方法，以实际、可实现的方式制定目标。使用激励性访谈的教师会增强他们的倾听和解决问题的技能，从而成为更有效的沟通者，从而与学生建立更好的融洽关系。在我的经验中，成功学生和不成功学生的区别在于他们克服障碍和保持动力实现目标的能力。对于许多大学生来说，脱轨是一个常见的问题，无论是在个别课程中，还是在一个学期，甚至更长时间。对于这些学生中的一些人来说，一位能够指导他们朝着目标前进的教授是成功的关键，尽管他们遇到了无法预见的障碍。激励性面试是实现这一目标的宝贵工具。激励性访谈的精髓体现在两个缩写词中：一是开放问题、肯定、反思性倾听、总结陈述；二是框架(反馈、责任、建议、菜单、移情、自我效能)。这里有几个例子：开放式问题是那些不能用是或否来回答的问题。他们允许学生“讲述他/她的故事”，并提供我作为一名教师的目标是促进学生的学习，鼓励学术势头，并促进目标的实现，同时教授人类营养。然而，在许多情况下，学生们都有机会学到与我的营养课程相去甚远的生活和职业课程。发展这种学习的关键是在动机面试提供的框架内。使用激励性访谈帮助您的学生
FALL 2010 153 Motivational interviewing, which began as a counseling technique in addiction recovery, is a client-centered tool for making changes, increasing helpful behaviors and decreasing unhelpful behaviors. It relies on an individual’s intrinsic motivation and interest in change, using a non-confrontational approach to frame goals in a practical, attainable fashion. Teachers who use motivational interviewing enhance their listening and problemsolving skills to become more effective communicators and as a result create better rapport with students. In my experiences, what separates successful students from the less successful is their ability to navigate obstacles and maintain motivation toward their goals. Getting “derailed” is a common problem for many college students, either in individual courses, for a semester, or even longer. For some of these students, a professor who can guide them toward their goal, despite unforeseen obstacles, is the key to success. Motivational interviewing is an invaluable tool toward this end. The essence of motivational interviewing is captured by the two acronyms OARS (open-ended questions, affirmations, reflective listening, summary statements) and FRAMES (feedback, responsibility, advice, menu, empathy, self-efficacy). Here are examples: Open-ended questions are those questions that cannot be answered with a yes or no. They allow the student to “tell his/her story” and provide M y goal as a teacher is to facilitate student learning, encourage academic momentum, and promote goal attainment while teaching about human nutrition. On many occasions, though, there have been opportunities for students to learn life and career lessons far removed from my nutrition curriculum. The key to developing this other kind of learning has been within the framework provided by motivational interviewing. Using Motivational Interviewing to Help Your Students