Intra‐population variation in male nuptial coloration and diet across anthropogenically altered visual microhabitats in an African cichlid
Intra‐population variation in male nuptial coloration and diet across anthropogenically altered visual microhabitats in an African cichlid
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非洲丽鱼科鱼在人为改变的视觉微生境中雄性婚姻颜色和饮食的种群内差异
DOI：
10.1111/jzo.12996
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发表时间：
2022
影响因子：
2
通讯作者：
Gray, S. M.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Atkinson, T. L.;Gray, S. M.
人类活动正在改变自然生态系统，导致广泛的环境变化，这种变化可以跨越时空尺度，从而在大尺度和小尺度上创造动态的新条件。在高度受干扰的水生系统中，浊度升高是一种常见的压力源，它改变了鱼类的感官环境，破坏了包括配偶选择在内的交流，推动了视觉交流特征（如婚礼颜色）在种群水平上的变化。在较小的种群尺度内，我们可以预期异质视觉景观的适应性分化。研究人员在一个相对较小的区域（约0.14平方公里）内对微生境中的鱼进行取样，研究了多色拟crenilabrus（拟crenilabrus）丽鱼种群内饮食和交配颜色的变化。这些视觉微生境在非常小的范围内受到不同类型的人为干扰，导致水的清晰度（即浊度）存在显著差异。我们使用了三个非互斥的工作假设来测试(1)低浊度的雄性在类胡萝卜素的着色上投入更多（色素经济假设），(2)低浊度的鱼类吃更多富含类胡萝卜素的食物（饮食假设），以及(3)鱼类是栖息地匹配的。胃内容物分析显示，不同微栖息地的饮食重叠度相对较高；然而，与高浊度站点捕获的鱼相比，浊度最低站点捕获的鱼消耗了相对更多的植物材料（类胡萝卜素含量高）。与浑浊度较高的微栖息地相比，来自较清澈水域的雄性鱼明显表现出更多的类胡萝卜素、红色和黄色，这与该物种种群间的颜色变化相似。此外，体型较大的鱼总体上显示出更多的类胡萝卜素颜色，但在微生境中雄性的平均大小没有差异，这表明鱼类没有分门别类。我们的研究结果表明，种群内婚礼颜色的变化可能与浑浊度、富含类胡萝卜素的猎物的饮食或两者的结合所驱动的视觉景观中的微栖息地异质性有关。
Human activities are altering natural ecosystems, leading to widespread environmental change that can vary across spatiotemporal scales, thus creating dynamic, novel conditions at both large and small scales. In highly disturbed aquatic systems, elevated turbidity is one common stressor that alters the sensory environment of fishes and can disrupt communication, including mate choice, driving population‐level shifts in visual communication traits such as nuptial coloration. At a smaller, within‐population scale, we can expect similar adaptive divergence to a heterogeneous visual landscape. Using the cichlid fish,Pseudocrenilabrus multicolor,we investigated within‐population variation in diet and nuptial coloration by sampling fish from microhabitats within a relatively small site (~0.14 km2). These visual microhabitats are affected by different types of human disturbance at a very small scale leading to significant differences in water clarity (i.e. turbidity). We used three, non‐mutually exclusive working hypotheses to test if (1) males in low turbidity invest more in carotenoid‐based coloration (economy of pigments hypothesis), (2) fish from low‐turbidity sites eat more carotenoid‐rich foods (diet hypothesis), and (3) fish are habitat matching. Stomach content analyses revealed relatively high overlap in diet across microhabitats; however, fish from stations with the lowest turbidity consumed relatively more plant material (high in carotenoid content) than fish captured at high‐turbidity stations. Males from clearer waters displayed significantly more carotenoid‐based, red and yellow coloration than fish found in microhabitats with higher turbidity, similar to between‐population color variation in this species. Furthermore, larger fish displayed more carotenoid coloration overall, but there was no difference in mean male size among microhabitats suggesting that fish were not sorting into microhabitats. Our results suggest that within‐population variation in nuptial coloration could be associated with microhabitat heterogeneity in the visual landscape driven by turbidity, a diet with more carotenoid‐rich prey items, or a combination of both.
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DOI：
--
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