Acute hydrogen sulfide-induced neuropathology and neurological sequelae: challenges for translational neuroprotective research.
Acute hydrogen sulfide-induced neuropathology and neurological sequelae: challenges for translational neuroprotective research.
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DOI：
10.1111/nyas.13148
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发表时间：
2016-08
影响因子：
5.2
通讯作者：
Kanthasamy A
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Rumbeiha W;Whitley E;Anantharam P;Kim DS;Kanthasamy A
硫化氢（H2S）是一种具有臭鸡蛋气味的气体，于1777年正式发现，距今已有239年。多年来，它被认为是一种环境污染物，仅在职业环境中是一个健康问题。然而，最近发现，H2S是内源性产生的，并作为气体递质发挥重要的生理作用。虽然在低生理浓度下，它在生理上是有益的，但已知暴露于高浓度的H2S会导致脑损伤，导致神经退行性变和长期神经后遗症或死亡。神经系统后遗症包括运动、行为和认知缺陷，这些缺陷使患者丧失能力。目前，存在对意外或恶意急性大规模平民暴露于H2S的担忧。在大规模平民暴露于高H2S浓度的情况下，存在对用于现场的理想神经保护治疗的主要未满足的需求。本文综述了高急性H2S暴露的神经病理学，知识差距，以及与开发有效的神经保护治疗以对抗H2S诱导的神经变性相关的挑战。
Hydrogen sulfide (H2S), the gas with the odor of rotten eggs, was formally discovered in 1777, over 239 years ago. For many years, it was considered an environmental pollutant and a health concern only in occupational settings. Recently, however, it was discovered that H2S is produced endogenously and plays critical physiological roles as a gasotransmitter. Although at low physiological concentrations it is physiologically beneficial, exposure to high concentrations of H2S is known to cause brain damage, leading to neurodegeneration and long‐term neurological sequelae or death. Neurological sequelae include motor, behavioral, and cognitive deficits, which are incapacitating. Currently, there are concerns about accidental or malicious acute mass civilian exposure to H2S. There is a major unmet need for an ideal neuroprotective treatment, for use in the field, in the event of mass civilian exposure to high H2S concentrations. This review focuses on the neuropathology of high acute H2S exposure, knowledge gaps, and the challenges associated with development of effective neuroprotective therapy to counteract H2S‐induced neurodegeneration.
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