From The Malay Dilemma to Malaysia’s Dilemmas: The Political Economy of Mahathir’s China Policy since May 2018
From The Malay Dilemma to Malaysia’s Dilemmas: The Political Economy of Mahathir’s China Policy since May 2018
复制标题
从马来人困境到马来西亚困境：2018年5月以来马哈蒂尔对华政策的政治经济学
DOI：
--
复制
发表时间：
2019
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
H. Liu
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
H. Liu
在马哈迪于1970年发表的《马来人的困境》（The Malay Dilemma）中，他强调了作为原住民的马来人与国内华人之间的巨大经济差距，呼吁政府采取平权行动，为马来人提供保护。自1970年代以来，新经济政策（NEP）的实施大大缩小了两个主要族群之间的经济差距，并帮助形成了一个相当大的马来中产阶级，其中一些人成为当地政治经济的主要参与者。虽然马哈蒂尔最初指出的马来人所面临的困境可能在半个世纪后基本上消失了，但这个国家面临着一系列新的困境，这些困境远远超出了种族政治，并深深植根于快速变化的地区的国内和国际政治经济中，这一地区首先以中国的崛起及其在该地区日益增长的影响力为标志。1970年，中国正处于文化大革命的高潮，如今，中国已崛起为世界第二大经济体。与此同时，美中在几乎所有领域的竞争，从外交、贸易、技术到意识形态，都不可避免地影响了马来西亚的外交政策选择，包括与中国的关系。
In Mahathir Mohamad’s controversial political manifesto entitled The Malay Dilemma, which was published in 1970, eleven years before taking up his first term of prime ministership (1981-2003), he highlighted the substantial economic disparities between the Malays as the indigenous people and the ethnic Chinese in the country, calling for affirmative actions by the government to offer protection for the Malays. The implementation of the New Economic Policy (NEP) since the 1970s has significantly reduced the economic gaps between the two major ethnic groups and helped bring about a reasonably large Malay middle class, with some of them emerging as key players in the local political economy. While the dilemmas faced by the Malays initially identified by Mahathir might have largely faded away half a century later, the country has faced new sets of dilemmas that go far beyond racial politics and are deeply embedded in the domestic and international political economy within a fast changing region symbolised, first and foremost, by the rise of China and its growing clout in the region. While China was at the height of the Cultural Revolution in 1970, it has risen up to become the second largest economy in world today. In the meantime, the American-China rivalries in almost all spheres, ranging from diplomatic, trade, technological to ideological, have inevitably affected Malaysia’s foreign policy options, including its relations with China.