Japan and the Moneylenders -- Activist Courts and Substantive Justice
Japan and the Moneylenders -- Activist Courts and Substantive Justice
复制标题
日本和放债人——维权法院和实体正义
DOI：
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发表时间：
2008
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
A. Pardieck
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
A. Pardieck
2007年，次级贷款问题搅乱了全球金融市场，并再次引起人们对美国贷款经纪人掠夺性放贷行为的关注。然而，有问题的放贷行为困扰着全球的消费金融市场，其中最大的消费金融市场之一是日本。本文论述了日本对其消费金融市场系统性问题的反应。在过去的四十年里，司法部门一直是领导者，国会紧随其后。最近，在2006年，最高法院做出了一系列裁决，将消费金融行业最重要的盈利驱动因素变成了一纸空文的法律。国会随后进行了立法修订。这两项行动都施加了在美国闻所未闻的限制，并彻底重塑了日本的金融业。本文分析了这些最近的变化，并将它们置于上下文中。这样做提供的不仅仅是描述和一个比较点。它为了解日本私法的演变提供了一个窗口。它提供的证据挑战了对日本的传统看法。日本的司法系统既不软弱也不无能。它不局限于听命于自民党或官僚机构，也不局限于填补立法空白。它并不局限于为稳定或社区服务的行动主义。在私法事务中，它开始采取咄咄逼人的行动：一再使黑字法律无效，并提供实质正义而不是程序正义。这项工作表明，日本司法并没有演变成一个单一的官僚机构，而是一个经常由激进的下级法院推动的机构。消费者金融法律的历史背景和最新发展的讨论提供了对影响当今日本金融市场的法律变化的见解，以及日本法律角色和法治的演变。
Problems with sub-prime loans roiled financial markets worldwide in 2007 and brought renewed attention to predatory lending practices by loan brokers in the United States. Questionable lending practices, however, plague consumer financial markets worldwide, including one of the largest, found in Japan. This article addresses the Japanese response to systemic problems in its consumer finance market. Over the last forty years, the judiciary has led and the Diet followed. Most recently, in 2006, the Supreme Court handed down a series of decisions that turned the single most important earnings driver for the consumer finance industry into dead letter law. The Diet followed with legislative revisions. Both actions have imposed restrictions unheard of in the United States and drastically reshaped the financial industry in Japan. This article analyzes these recent changes and places them in context. Doing so offers more than description and a point of comparison. It provides a window into the evolution of Japanese private law. It provides evidence that challenges the conventional wisdom on Japan. The Japanese judiciary is neither weak nor ineffectual. It is not limited to following the dictates of the Liberal Democratic Party or bureaucracy or filling in legislative lacuna. It has not limited itself to activism in the service of stability or community. In private law matters, it has come to act aggressively: repeatedly invalidating black letter law and providing substantive as opposed to procedural justice. This work shows the Japanese judiciary has not evolved into a monolithic bureaucracy, but one often driven by activist lower courts. The historical context and discussion of recent developments in consumer finance law offers insight into legal changes affecting the Japanese financial markets today, as well as the evolution of the role of law and the rule of law in Japan.
职业激励和司法独立：来自印度下级司法机构的证据
DOI：
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发表时间：
2022
期刊：
影响因子：
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作者：
Goto;Jun
通讯作者：
Jun