Studies on the virulence of tubercle bacilli; the relationship of the physiological state of the organisms to their pathogenicity.
Studies on the virulence of tubercle bacilli; the relationship of the physiological state of the organisms to their pathogenicity.
复制标题
关于结节杆菌的毒力的研究；生物体的生理状态与其致病性的关系。
DOI：
10.1084/jem.92.6.507
复制
发表时间：
1950-12
影响因子：
15.3
通讯作者：
BLOCH, H
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
BLOCH, H
根据早期对从强毒力结核杆菌的年轻培养物中获得的可溶于石油醚的物质（索状因子）与这些生物体的致病性之间的关系的观察，预计年轻的培养物比同一菌株的较老的培养物产生更多的索状因子，对于易感动物也将具有更强的毒性。通过用相同数量的来自 3 天和 3 周培养物的细菌感染小鼠，观察到所产生的疾病特征的显着差异。感染较年轻培养物的小鼠死于快速败血症感染，包括心脏在内的许多器官出现结核性病变。结核性心肌炎可能是导致死亡的直接原因。感染较老细菌的小鼠死于一种慢性疾病，即众所周知的小鼠结核病。在这些病例中，心脏完全没有病变。在死于急性结核病的动物中没有观察到典型的结核病组织学反应。在感染年轻培养物细菌的兔子中也观察到类似的快速进展的感染。这些症状与耶尔森型结核病中所见的症状相对应。似乎每种类型的致病分枝杆菌（人类、牛和禽类）都可以产生后者的病理学，前提是所使用的培养物是年轻的。因此可以推断，在实验性感染和自然发生的疾病中，急性型结核病比普遍接受的更为常见。建议在脐带因子假说的框架内解释这种急性感染的机制。
On the basis of earlier observations dealing with the relation of a petroleum ether-soluble material (cord factor) obtained from young cultures of virulent tubercle bacilli to the pathogenicity of these organisms, it was expected that young cultures yielding more cord factor than older ones of the same strain would also be more virulent for susceptible animals. By infecting mice with equal numbers of bacteria from 3 day and 3 week old cultures, significant differences in the character of disease produced were observed. The mice infected with the younger cultures died of a rapid, septicemic infection with tuberculous lesions in many organs including the heart. A tuberculous myocarditis was probably the immediate cause of death. Mice infected with the older bacteria died of a chronic disease corresponding to the well known mouse tuberculosis. In these cases, the heart was completely free of lesions. No histologic tissue reactions typical of tuberculosis were seen in the animals dying from the acute type of the disease. A similar rapidly progressing infection was observed in rabbits infected with bacteria from young cultures. The symptoms corresponded to the ones seen in the disease known as the Yersin type of tuberculosis. It seems that the pathology of this latter can be produced with every type of pathogenic mycobacteria, human as well as bovine and avian, provided the cultures used are young. Thus it may be inferred that the acute type of tuberculosis is more frequent than commonly accepted both in experimental infection and in the naturally occurring disease. It is proposed to explain the mechanism of this acute infection within the framework of the cord factor hypothesis.