Dietary whey proteins shield murine cecal microbiota from extensive disarray caused by a high-fat diet.
Dietary whey proteins shield murine cecal microbiota from extensive disarray caused by a high-fat diet.
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DOI：
10.1016/j.foodres.2016.04.036
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发表时间：
2016-07
影响因子：
8.1
通讯作者：
N. E. S. Monteiro;A. R. Roquetto;F. de Pace;C. S. Moura;Andrey Santos;Á. Yamada;M. Saad;J. Amaya-Farfan
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
N. E. S. Monteiro;A. R. Roquetto;F. de Pace;C. S. Moura;Andrey Santos;Á. Yamada;M. Saad;J. Amaya-Farfan
高脂肪饮食被用来诱导肠道微生物区系的不利变化，即生物失调、全身性炎症和代谢应激，最终可能导致肥胖。据报道，饮食中乳清蛋白的影响，无论是完整的还是水解性的，都可以改善葡萄糖稳态和减轻压力。因此，这项工作的目的是测试饮食中的牛奶乳清蛋白，无论是完整的形式还是水解态，是否会对高脂饮食和标准酪蛋白联合摄入时小鼠盲肠微生物区系的组成变化产生影响。雄性C57BL/6小鼠饲喂对照酪蛋白饲料(AIN 93-G)、高脂酪蛋白(HFCAS)、高脂乳清蛋白浓缩物(HFWPC)和高脂乳清蛋白水解物(HFWPH)，共9周。用不变区(V1-V3)基因16S-rRNA分析肠道微生物区系组成，比色法测定内毒素释放量，光镜观察肝脏脂肪浸润情况。高脂饲料通过逆转细菌对类杆菌的优势，促进内毒素升高，导致肝脏脂肪渗出，从而导致动物体内的微生态失调。乳清蛋白，无论是完整的还是被水解的，都能抵抗生物失调的建立，防止循环中的内毒素激增，并防止脂肪渗入肝脏。结论是，饮食乳清蛋白发挥代谢作用，往往保持正常的微生物区系特征，同时减轻高脂饮食九周的小鼠肝脏脂肪沉积。当酪蛋白是饮食蛋白质时，这种有益的效果是看不到的。与普通乳清蛋白不同的是，该乳清蛋白对拟杆菌具有选择性保护作用。
High-fat diets are used to induce adverse alterations in the intestinal microbiota, or dysbiosis, generalized inflammation and metabolic stress, which ultimately may lead to obesity. The influence of dietary whey proteins, whether intact or hydrolyzed, has been reported to improve glucose homeostasis and reduce stress. Therefore, the purpose of this work was to test if dietary milk-whey proteins, both in the intact form and hydrolyzed, could have an effect on the compositional changes of the cecal microbiota that can be induced in mice when receiving a high-fat diet in combination with the standard casein. Male C57BL/6 mice were fed a control casein diet (AIN 93-G); high-fat-casein (HFCAS); high-fat-whey protein concentrate (HFWPC) and high-fat whey-protein hydrolysate (HFWPH) for 9 weeks. The intestinal microbiota composition was analyzed by 16S-rRNA of the invariant (V1–V3) gene, potentially endotoxemic lipopolysaccharide (LPS) release was determined colorimetrically, and liver fat infiltration assessed by light microscopy. The high-fat diet proved to induce dysbiosis in the animals by inverting the dominance of the phylumFirmicutesoverBacteroidetes, promoted the increase of LPS and resulted in liver fat infiltration. The whey proteins, whether intact or hydrolyzed, resisted the installation of dysbiosis, prevented the surge of circulating LPS and prevented fat infiltration in the liver. It is concluded that dietary whey proteins exert metabolic actions that tend to preserve the normal microbiota profile, while mitigating liver fat deposition in mice consuming a high-fat diet for nine weeks. Such beneficial effects were not seen when casein was the dietary protein. The hydrolyzed whey protein still differed from the normal whey protein by selectively protecting theBacteroidetesphylum.