Cognitive responses to failure and success relate uniquely to bipolar depression versus mania
Cognitive responses to failure and success relate uniquely to bipolar depression versus mania
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DOI：
10.1037/0021-843x.117.1.154
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发表时间：
2008-02-01
影响因子：
4.6
通讯作者：
Carver, Charles S.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Eisner, Lori R.;Johnson, Sheri L.;Carver, Charles S.
这项研究考察了双相情感障碍患者对失败和成功的认知反应及其与抑郁和躁狂的关系。许多与单相抑郁相关的认知变量已被发现与双相障碍有关，更具体地说，双相抑郁。这项研究首次考察了持高标准、进行自我批评、从失败到总体自我价值感的倾向。在研究1中，对大学生进行了情绪障碍风险筛查，并完成了结构化的诊断性访谈。双相情感障碍史和抑郁史分别与负面概括相关。目前的抑郁症状解释了泛化与双相情感障碍之间的联系。在研究2中，作者开发了一种衡量成功经验后进行积极概括的倾向的测量方法。在276名大学生的样本中，这一指标与躁狂症的风险独一无二地相关。这两项研究的结果表明，对失败的反应与抑郁症史有关，而对成功的反应与躁狂症的风险有关。并讨论了对未来研究和临床工作的启示。
This project examined cognitive responses to failure and success and their association with depression and mania within bipolar disorder. Many cognitive variables that are associated with unipolar depression have been found to be involved in bipolar disorder, more specifically bipolar depression. This research was the first to examine tendencies to hold high standards, engage in self-criticism, and generalize from failure to an overall sense of self-worth. In Study 1, undergraduates were screened for risk of mood disorders and completed structured diagnostic interviews. History of bipolar spectrum disorders and history of depression had separate associations with negative generalization. The association of generalization with bipolar spectrum disorders was accounted for by current depressive symptoms. For Study 2, the authors developed a measure of the tendency to engage in positive generalization following success experiences. In a sample of 276 undergraduates, this measure related uniquely to risk for mania. Results of these 2 studies suggest that responses to failure are associated with a history of depression, whereas responses to success are associated with a risk for mania. Implications for future research and clinical work are discussed.