Mitigation of severe urban haze pollution by a precision air pollution control approach.
Mitigation of severe urban haze pollution by a precision air pollution control approach.
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精准大气污染治理缓解城市严重雾霾污染
DOI：
10.1038/s41598-018-26344-1
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发表时间：
2018-05-25
影响因子：
4.6
通讯作者：
Seinfeld JH
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Yu S;Li P;Wang L;Wu Y;Wang S;Liu K;Zhu T;Zhang Y;Hu M;Zeng L;Zhang X;Cao J;Alapaty K;Wong DC;Pleim J;Mathur R;Rosenfeld D;Seinfeld JH
中国许多城市的细颗粒物（PM2.5）浓度达到前所未有的高水平，严重且持续的雾霾污染对人类健康构成了严重威胁。虽然强制暂时停止大多数城市和周围的排放源是一种有效但代价高昂的短期措施，但制定长期危机应对措施仍然是一项挑战，特别是定期遏制严重的城市雾霾事件。本文介绍并评估了一种新的精确空气污染控制方法（PAPCA），以减轻严重的城市雾霾事件。该方法包括将高pm2.5浓度的预测与混合轨迹受体模型和综合三维大气模型相结合，以查明导致此类事件的排放来源，并优化排放控制。将PAPCA应用于中国主要城市地区的五次严重雾霾事件的结果表明，该策略有可能显著缓解严重城市雾霾，将pm2.5峰值浓度从300 μg m - 3以上降低到100 μg m - 3以下，降幅超过60%，同时与完全减排相比，需要减少30%至70%的排放控制。PAPCA战略有潜力以经济效率有效地解决严重的城市雾霾污染事件。
Severe and persistent haze pollution involving fine particulate matter (PM2.5) concentrations reaching unprecedentedly high levels across many cities in China poses a serious threat to human health. Although mandatory temporary cessation of most urban and surrounding emission sources is an effective, but costly, short-term measure to abate air pollution, development of long-term crisis response measures remains a challenge, especially for curbing severe urban haze events on a regular basis. Here we introduce and evaluate a novel precision air pollution control approach (PAPCA) to mitigate severe urban haze events. The approach involves combining predictions of high PM2.5concentrations, with a hybrid trajectory-receptor model and a comprehensive 3-D atmospheric model, to pinpoint the origins of emissions leading to such events and to optimize emission controls. Results of the PAPCA application to five severe haze episodes in major urban areas in China suggest that this strategy has the potential to significantly mitigate severe urban haze by decreasing PM2.5peak concentrations by more than 60% from above 300 μg m−3to below 100 μg m−3, while requiring ~30% to 70% less emission controls as compared to complete emission reductions. The PAPCA strategy has the potential to tackle effectively severe urban haze pollution events with economic efficiency.
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