Evolutionary mechanisms studied through protein fitness landscapes
Evolutionary mechanisms studied through protein fitness landscapes
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DOI：
10.1016/j.sbi.2018.01.001
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发表时间：
2018-02-01
影响因子：
6.8
通讯作者：
Bolon, Daniel N. A.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Canale, Aneth S.;Cote-Hammarlof, Pamela A.;Bolon, Daniel N. A.
生物学已经并将继续受到进化机制的影响。在过去的十年里，当地的健身环境在实验上变得容易驯服，并为进化机制提供了新的视角。在下一代测序的支持下，所有单个氨基酸替换对功能的影响已经对数十种蛋白质进行了量化。这些适应度图已被用于研究现有蛋白质功能的生物物理基础，以及新蛋白质功能的出现和增强。这篇综述突出了这一快速增长的研究领域的新趋势，包括对现有的和新的蛋白质功能潜在的生物物理机制的更广泛的理解，上位性和适应在塑造进化中所起的作用，以及对人类致病等位基因的预测。
Biology has, and continues to be, shaped by evolutionary mechanisms. Within the past decade, local fitness landscapes have become experimentally tractable and are providing new perspectives on evolutionary mechanisms. Powered by next generation sequencing, the impacts of all individual amino acid substitutions on function have been quantified for dozens of proteins. These fitness maps have been utilized to investigate the biophysical underpinnings of existing protein function as well as the appearance and enhancement of new protein functions. This review highlights emerging trends from this rapidly growing area of research, including an expanded understanding of the biophysical mechanisms underlying existing and new protein function, the roles epistasis and adaptation play in shaping evolution, and the prediction of disease-causing alleles in humans.