Satellite-Based Sea Ice Navigation for Prydz Bay, East Antarctica
Satellite-Based Sea Ice Navigation for Prydz Bay, East Antarctica
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南极洲东部普里兹湾的卫星海冰导航
DOI：
10.3390/rs9060518
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发表时间：
2017-06-01
期刊：
影响因子：
5
通讯作者：
Cheng, Xiao
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Hui, Fengming;Zhao, Tiancheng;Cheng, Xiao
海冰对极地地区的航海、后勤和科学任务产生不利影响。船舶航行得益于最新的区域和局部尺度的海冰分析。本研究提出了一种基于卫星的海冰导航系统（SatSINS），该系统集成了遥感和气象数据的观测和科学输出，以在海冰覆盖的水域中制定最佳的海洋导航路线，特别是在通常缺乏可用冰信息的地区。以“雪龙号”在2011-2013年南方春季三次航行中通过东南极洲普里兹湾时的路线优化决策过程为背景，介绍了该系统及其应用。该研究评估了科学生成的遥感冰参数，以供其在海上导航中的实际使用。评估标准包括确定优先参数、它们与导航需要相关的时空要求，以及它们与冰情严重程度相结合的精度水平。当冰浓度低于70%时，只要通过检查气旋型估计出的冰动力不严重，粗分辨率冰浓度图就足以描绘冰的边缘并制定安全路线。否则，应使用高分辨率雷达数据来识别和避免变形冰。在大多数情况下，卫星数据比船只的实际位置晚一天就足够了，尽管拟议的路线可能需要调整。为了评估SatSINS的效用，我们计算了实际路线与建议路线的偏差，发现偏差范围在165米至约16.0公里之间，标准差为2.8-6.1公里。陆地固结冰的增长已被证明是该系统的一个重要组成部分，因为它是使用带有气象站输入的热力学模型估计的。
Sea ice adversely impacts nautical, logistical and scientific missions in polar regions. Ship navigation benefits from up-to-date sea ice analyses at both regional and local scales. This study presents a satellite-based sea ice navigation system (SatSINS) that integrates observations and scientific output from remote sensing and meteorological data to develop optimum marine navigational routes in sea ice-covered waters, especially in areas where operational ice information is usually scarce. The system and its applications are presented in the context of a decision-making process to optimize the routing of the RV Xuelong during her passage through Prydz Bay, East Antarctica during three trips in the austral spring of 2011–2013. The study assesses scientifically-generated remote sensing ice parameters for their operational use in marine navigation. Evaluation criteria involve identification of priority parameters, their spatio-temporal requirements in relation to navigational needs, and their level of accuracy in conjunction with the severity of ice conditions. Coarse-resolution ice concentration maps are sufficient to delineate ice edge and develop a safe route when ice concentration is less than 70%, provided that ice dynamics, estimated from examining the cyclonic pattern, is not severe. Otherwise, fine-resolution radar data should be used to identify and avoid deformed ice. Satellite data lagging one day behind the actual location of the ship was sufficient in most cases although the proposed route may have to be adjusted. To evaluate the utility of SatSINS, deviation of the actual route from the proposed route was calculated and found to range between 165 m to about 16.0 km with standard deviations of 2.8–6.1 km. Growth of land-fast ice has proven to be an essential component of the system as it was estimated using a thermodynamic model with input from a meteorological station.