High-yield production of graphene by liquid-phase exfoliation of graphite
High-yield production of graphene by liquid-phase exfoliation of graphite
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DOI：
10.1038/nnano.2008.215
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发表时间：
2008-09-01
影响因子：
38.3
通讯作者：
Coleman, Jonathan N.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Hernandez, Yenny;Nicolosi, Valeria;Coleman, Jonathan N.
充分利用石墨烯的特性需要一种大规模生产这种非凡材料的方法。有两种可能的主要途径：大面积生长或大面积脱落。在这里，我们展示了浓度高达0.01 mg ml（-1）的石墨烯分散体，由石墨在n -甲基吡罗烷酮等有机溶剂中的分散和剥落产生。这是可能的，因为剥离石墨烯所需的能量通过溶剂-石墨烯相互作用来平衡，溶剂的表面能与石墨烯相匹配。我们通过拉曼光谱、透射电子显微镜和电子衍射证实了单个石墨烯片的存在。我们的方法产生的单层收率约为1wt %，通过进一步处理可能会提高到7- 12wt %。通过x射线光电子，红外和拉曼光谱证实了缺陷或氧化物的存在。我们能够生产半透明导电薄膜和导电复合材料。石墨烯的溶液处理开辟了一系列潜在的大面积应用，从设备和传感器制造到液相化学。
Fully exploiting the properties of graphene will require a method for the mass production of this remarkable material. Two main routes are possible: large-scale growth or large-scale exfoliation. Here, we demonstrate graphene dispersions with concentrations up to similar to 0.01 mg ml(-1), produced by dispersion and exfoliation of graphite in organic solvents such as N-methyl-pyrrolidone. This is possible because the energy required to exfoliate graphene is balanced by the solvent-graphene interaction for solvents whose surface energies match that of graphene. We confirm the presence of individual graphene sheets by Raman spectroscopy, transmission electron microscopy and electron diffraction. Our method results in a monolayer yield of similar to 1 wt%, which could potentially be improved to 7-12 wt% with further processing. The absence of defects or oxides is confirmed by X-ray photoelectron, infrared and Raman spectroscopies. We are able to produce semi-transparent conducting films and conducting composites. Solution processing of graphene opens up a range of potential large-area applications, from device and sensor fabrication to liquid-phase chemistry.