Bronchoalveolar lavage fluid in Standardbred racehorses: Influence of unilateral/bilateral profiles and cut-off values on lower airway disease diagnosis
Bronchoalveolar lavage fluid in Standardbred racehorses: Influence of unilateral/bilateral profiles and cut-off values on lower airway disease diagnosis
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DOI：
10.1016/j.tvjl.2013.10.013
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发表时间：
2014-01-01
影响因子：
2.2
通讯作者：
Courouce-Malblanc, Anne
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Depecker, Marianne;Richard, Eric A.;Courouce-Malblanc, Anne
本研究的目的是确定取样的肺侧是否会显著影响标准种赛马的支气管肺泡灌洗（BAL）细胞学特征和随后的诊断。在一项前瞻性观察研究中，研究人员对138只法国快马进行了积极训练和比赛。在2011年（64匹马）和2012年（74匹马）的夏季会议期间，使用视频内窥镜在左右肺进行BAL。24小时后从右肺和左肺进行的细胞学数据进行比较，并专门用于将马分类为运动性肺出血（EIPH），炎症性气道疾病（IAD）或“对照组”。对于IAD，细胞学定义是基于两个不同的截止值。右肺中性粒细胞百分比、噬血细胞百分比及噬血细胞/巨噬细胞（H/M）比值显著高于左肺。类内相关系数的测量显示，左右肺肥大细胞百分比、嗜酸性粒细胞百分比和HIM比例相当一致，中性粒细胞百分比中等一致。根据kappa系数，观察到左、右肺对IAD和/或EIPH的诊断具有一般到中度的一致性。当只对一个肺进行采样时，由于使用内源性疾病的限制临界值，错误地将马分类为“对照”的风险增加了。由于同一匹马一个肺的BAL不能代表另一个肺，因此应该对两个肺进行采样，以便更好地评估肺细胞结构和准确诊断下气道疾病。(C) 2013 Elsevier Ltd.版权所有。
The aim of this study was to determine whether the lung side being sampled would significantly influence bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) cytological profiles and subsequent diagnosis in Standardbred race-horses. One hundred and thirty-eight French Trotters in active training and racing were included in a prospective observational study. BAL was performed using videoendoscopy in both right and left lungs during summer meetings in 2011 (64 horses) and 2012 (74 horses). Cytological data performed 24 h later from right and left lungs were compared and specifically used to classify horses as affected with exercise-induced pulmonary haemorrhage (EIPH), inflammatory airway disease (IAD), or were 'controls'. For IAD, cytological definition was based on two different cut off values.Neutrophil percentages, haemosiderophage percentages and the haemosiderophage/macrophage (H/M) ratios were significantly higher in the right compared to the left lung. Measures of intra-class correlation coefficients revealed a fair agreement between left and right lungs for percentages of mast cells, eosinophils, and for the HIM ratio, and a moderate agreement for neutrophil percentages. Fair to moderate agreements were observed between left and right lungs for the diagnosis of IAD and/or EIPH based on kappa coefficients. When sampling one lung only, the risk of incorrectly classifying a horse as a 'control' increased with the use of the restraint cut-off values for IAD. As BAL from one lung is not representative of the other lung in the same horse, both lungs should be sampled for a better assessment of lung cellularity and for a precise diagnosis of lower airway diseases. (C) 2013 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.