MicroRNAs are shaping the hematopoietic landscape
MicroRNAs are shaping the hematopoietic landscape
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DOI：
10.3324/haematol.2011.051730
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发表时间：
2012-02-01
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Wagner, Wolfgang
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Bissels, Ute;Bosio, Andreas;Wagner, Wolfgang
造血由microRNAs(MiRNAs)调控。这些小的调控RNA是发育过程的主要调节者，这些过程在转录后调节几个目标基因的表达。在造血发育的特定阶段，不同的miRNAs表达上调，并且miRNAs的功能相关性已经在许多不同的谱系指定阶段得到证明。特定miRNAs的敲除可以产生戏剧性的表型，导致严重的造血缺陷。此外，一些研究表明，特定的miRNAs在造血干细胞中存在差异表达。然而，由于物种之间的差异，miRNA表达的依赖于细胞类型的差异，以及参与各种调控网络的不同靶基因的差异表达，出现的情况极其复杂。也有证据表明，miRNAs在细胞老化或造血细胞与其微环境之间的细胞间串扰中发挥作用。由于新的分析工具和深度测序技术，该领域正在迅速发展。MiRNAs的表达谱对不同疾病的分类具有诊断意义。最近关于用miRNAs诱导产生多能干细胞的报道激起了人们的希望，即特定的miRNAs和培养条件有助于定向分化或培养扩增造血干细胞库。本文就miRNA在造血干/祖细胞中的表达及其在造血干/祖细胞中的作用作一综述。
Hematopoiesis is regulated by microRNAs (miRNAs). These small regulatory RNAs are master regulators of developmental processes that modulate expression of several target genes post-transcriptionally. Various miRNAs are up-regulated at specific stages during hematopoietic development and the functional relevance of miRNAs has been proven at many different stages of lineage specification. Knockout of specific miRNAs can produce dramatic phenotypes leading to severe hematopoietic defects. Furthermore, several studies demonstrated that specific miRNAs are differentially expressed in hematopoietic stem cells. However, the emerging picture is extremely complex due to differences between species, cell type dependent variation in miRNA expression and differential expression of diverse target genes that are involved in various regulatory networks. There is also evidence that miRNAs play a role in cellular aging or in the inter-cellular crosstalk between hematopoietic cells and their microenvironment. The field is rapidly evolving due to new profiling tools and deep sequencing technology. The expression profiles of miRNAs are of diagnostic relevance for classification of different diseases. Recent reports on the generation of induced pluripotent stem cells with miRNAs have fuelled the hope that specific miRNAs and culture conditions facilitate directed differentiation or culture expansion of the hematopoietic stem cell pool. This review summarizes our current knowledge about miRNA expression in hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells, and their role in the hematopoietic stem cell niche.