Sleep quantity, sleep difficulties and their perceived consequences in a representative sample of some 2000 British adults
Sleep quantity, sleep difficulties and their perceived consequences in a representative sample of some 2000 British adults
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DOI：
10.1111/j.1365-2869.2004.00418.x
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发表时间：
2004-12-01
影响因子：
4.4
通讯作者：
Dijk, DJ
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Groeger, JA;Zijlstra, FRH;Dijk, DJ
睡眠问题和睡眠限制是讨论的热门话题，但很少有代表性的数据可用。我们对1997年16-93岁的英国人进行了面对面访谈，并以全国代表性的样本为基础记录了英国人的睡眠情况。58%的受访者表示在前一周有一个或多个夜晚出现睡眠问题，18%的受访者表示他们在大多数夜晚睡眠不足。最年轻的参与者（16-24岁）的睡眠时间最长，他们的平均睡眠时间比7.04（标准差1.55）的样本平均值长1小时。中年以后，睡眠时间没有明显变化。男性和女性报告的睡眠时间相似，但女性报告的睡眠问题更多。据报道，当家里有更多的孩子时，男性的睡眠时间会减少。据报道，工人（即雇员）在工作日比在非工作日睡得少，但在家工作的工人和没有工作的工人则不然。无法从工作中解脱出来与非工作日的睡眠时间有关。在所有参与者中，平均睡眠时间与生活质量（即睡眠对工作、家庭和休闲活动中的能量、满意度和成功的贡献）表现出非单调的联系。9小时以内的睡眠时间与生活质量呈正相关，超过9小时的睡眠时间与生活质量呈负相关。将我们的数据与美国全国睡眠调查的数据进行比较，我们发现英国人的睡眠时间同样少或更少，而与40年前报告的数据进行比较，我们发现在统计上没有可靠的减少。虽然我们的睡眠时间可能不会比40年前少，但当我们报告睡眠时间减少时，我们也倾向于将睡眠不足与糟糕的表现和生活质量联系起来。
Sleep problems and sleep restriction are popular topics of discussion, but few representative data are available. We document Britain's sleep based on a nationally representative sample of 1997, 16-93 year olds, who participated in face-to-face interviews. Fifty-eight per cent of respondents reported sleep problems on one or more nights the previous week and 18% reported that the sleep they obtained was insufficient on the majority of nights. Sleep durations were longest in the youngest participants (16-24 years), who slept on average 1 h longer than the 7.04 (SD 1.55) sample average. Sleep duration showed no appreciable change beyond middle age. Men and women reported sleeping similar amounts but women reported more sleep problems. Men reported sleeping less when there were more children in their household. Workers (i.e. employees) reported sleeping less on workdays than on non-workdays, but those based at home and those not employed did not. Inability to switch off from work was related to sleep duration on non-workdays. Across all participants average sleep duration exhibited a non-monotonic association with quality of life (i.e. contribution of sleep to energy, satisfaction and success in work, home and leisure activities). Quality of life was positively associated with sleep duration, for durations up to 9 h, but negatively associated with quality of life beyond this. Comparison of our data with the US national sleep poll revealed that Britain sleeps as little or less, whereas a comparison with data reported 40 years ago revealed no statistically reliable reductions. Although we may not sleep less than four decades ago, when we report sleeping less we also tend to associate that lack of sleep with poor performance and quality of life.