Penning Pigs: Pig Rearing Practices, Biosecurity Measures, and Outbreaks of African Swine Fever in Central Uganda
Penning Pigs: Pig Rearing Practices, Biosecurity Measures, and Outbreaks of African Swine Fever in Central Uganda
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圈养猪：乌干达中部的养猪实践、生物安全措施和非洲猪瘟的爆发
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发表时间：
2021
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通讯作者：
R. Thompson
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作者：
R. Thompson
在本文中，我探讨了为什么乌干达中部的一些小规模养猪户决定不实施兽医倡导的生物安全措施。我重点关注非洲猪瘟这一传染病，以说明旨在限制疾病风险的生物安全措施如何无意中限制了农民及其家庭未来养猪的回报。我利用乌干达中部穆科诺地区的民族志研究来展示农民如何将生猪视为“快钱”——一种可以快速产生和轻松变现的家庭财富。我认为农民将猪视为一种特定类型的财富的概念影响了他们将猪融入他们的生活和家庭的方式。根据小农的叙述，我在文章的结尾呼吁重新考虑生物安全措施，将其作为控制农场疾病的通用解决方案。我认为，疾病预防策略不需要设计区分物种的协议，而是需要认识到不同牲畜动物成为农民生活一部分的方式，并认识到这如何影响农民的疾病管理实践。
In this article, I explore why a number of smallholder pig farmers in central Uganda decided not to implement the biosecurity measures advocated by veterinarians. I focus on the infectious disease, African swine fever, to illustrate how the biosecurity measures intended to limit the risk of disease, inadvertently constrained the future returns on pigs for farmers and their families. I draw on ethnographic research from Mukono, a district in central Uganda, to show how farmers considered pigs to be “quick money”—a type of household wealth that could be rapidly generated and liquidated with ease. I suggest that farmers’ conceptualization of their pigs as a specific type of wealth influenced the ways in which they integrated pigs into their lives and homes. Based on smallholder farmers’ accounts, I conclude this article by calling for a reconsideration of biosecurity measures as a universal solution for controlling diseases on farms. I argue that instead of designing protocols that separate species, disease prevention strategies need to recognize the ways in which different livestock animals become part of farmers’ lives and acknowledge how this influences farmers’ disease management practices.