Periodic apnea in the full-term infant: individual consistency, sex differences, and state specificity.
Periodic apnea in the full-term infant: individual consistency, sex differences, and state specificity.
复制标题
足月婴儿的周期性呼吸暂停：个体一致性、性别差异和状态特异性。
作者：
S. Waite;E. Thoman
研究了27例正常足月婴儿出生后5周内周期性呼吸暂停（周期性呼吸暂停）的发生情况。对睡眠状态和呼吸模式（即周期性呼吸与非周期性呼吸）的呼吸暂停率和平均时间进行分析。研究发现，呼吸暂停的发生率随睡眠状态和呼吸方式而变化。呼吸暂停率最高的是主动睡眠时的非周期性呼吸暂停。活跃睡眠和安静睡眠的周期性呼吸暂停率都相对较低；然而，从第2周到第5周，这种类型的呼吸暂停一直存在。周期性呼吸暂停的比例在安静睡眠中比在活跃睡眠中要高得多。周期性和非周期性呼吸暂停率在积极睡眠中比在安静睡眠中更一致地相关。在两种睡眠状态下，周期性呼吸暂停的平均长度明显大于非周期性呼吸暂停的平均长度，这一差异反映了非周期性呼吸暂停长度分布的更大正偏态。周期性和非周期性呼吸暂停时间长短的差异部分解释了安静睡眠的平均时间比活跃睡眠的平均时间长。在几周内，活跃睡眠和安静睡眠时两种形式的呼吸暂停都有显著的个体差异。在主动睡眠中，女婴比男婴有更高的非周期性呼吸暂停率，尽管在长度分布上没有显著差异。
The occurrence of periodic apnea (apnea during periodic breathing) was studied in 27 normal, full-term infants during the first five weeks of life. The rate and mean length of apnea were analyzed both with respect to sleep state and with respect to respiratory pattern, ie, periodic vs nonperiodic breathing. The rate of apnea was found to vary according to sleep state and the pattern of breathing. The highest apnea rates were nonperiodic apneas in active sleep. Periodic apnea rates were relatively low in both active and quiet sleep; however, this type of apnea was consistently observed from weeks 2 through 5. The proportion of apneas that are periodic is much higher in quiet sleep than in active sleep. Rates of periodic and nonperiodic apnea were more consistently correlated in active sleep than in quiet sleep. The mean length of periodic apnea was found to be significantly greater than the mean length of nonperiodic apnea in both sleep states, a difference that reflected a greater positive skew in the distribution of the nonperiodic apnea lengths. This variation in length between periodic and nonperiodic apnea explains, in part, the increased mean length in quiet sleep compared with active sleep. There were significant individual differences over weeks in both forms of apnea in active sleep and in quiet sleep. Female infants were observed to have higher rates of nonperiodic apnea than male infants in active sleep, although no significant differences in the distribution of lengths were obtained.