Continuous human presence without extensive reductions in forest cover over the past 2500 years in an aseasonal Amazonian rainforest
Continuous human presence without extensive reductions in forest cover over the past 2500 years in an aseasonal Amazonian rainforest
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DOI：
10.1002/jqs.3019
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发表时间：
2018-05-01
影响因子：
2.3
通讯作者：
Rivas Panduro, Santiago
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Kelly, Thomas J.;Lawson, Ian T.;Rivas Panduro, Santiago
哥伦布之前的土著社区对亚马逊地区森林覆盖的影响存在很大争议，特别是对最潮湿的森林。为了促进这场辩论，我们研究了一个名为Quistococha的遗址的植被和火灾历史，该遗址位于秘鲁亚马逊北部的季节性森林中，与独立确定的前哥伦布时代和最近的人类占领有关。来自沼泽和湖泊环境的成对岩心被用来区分景观尺度的植被变化和局部尺度的演替。自公元1860年以来，在湖泊的花粉记录中增加了适应干扰的分类群，而不是沼泽，这可能反映了与附近城市伊基托斯的扩张有关的广泛森林砍伐。然而，从湖址的木炭记录来看，哥伦布之前的土著社区之前对该遗址的持续占领，并没有与同样广泛的地貌干扰的证据相关联。因此，该遗址的独特之处表明，土著社区数千年来的占领与大规模砍伐森林无关。这些结果支持一种新的模式，即哥伦布以前的土著社区对亚马逊季节性森林产生持续但局部的影响。版权所有(C)2018 John Wiley&Sons，Ltd.
The impact of pre-Columbian indigenous communities on forest cover in Amazonia is highly contentious, particularly for the wettest forests. To contribute to this debate, we studied the vegetation and fire history of a site, Quistococha, which lies within the aseasonal forests of the northern Peruvian Amazon and is associated with independently dated pre-Columbian and recent human occupation. Paired cores from swamp and lake environments were used to distinguish landscape-scale changes in vegetation from local-scale succession. An increased abundance of disturbance-adapted taxa in the pollen record from the lake, but not swamp, since c. AD 1860 probably reflects extensive deforestation related to the expansion of the nearby city of Iquitos. However, previous persistent occupation of the site by pre-Columbian indigenous communities, indicated by the charcoal record from the lake site, is not associated with evidence for similarly extensive disturbance of the landscape. The unique features of this site therefore demonstrate that occupation by indigenous communities over thousands of years was not associated with large-scale deforestation. These results support an emerging model of persistent but localized impacts by pre-Columbian indigenous communities on aseasonal Amazonian forests. Copyright (C) 2018 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.