An overview of heavy-atom derivatization of protein crystals.
An overview of heavy-atom derivatization of protein crystals.
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DOI：
10.1107/s2059798316000401
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发表时间：
2016-03
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Carpenter EP
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Pike AC;Garman EF;Krojer T;von Delft F;Carpenter EP
本文综述了蛋白质晶体的重原子衍生化之所以有用，如何选择重原子，如何制备出仍能衍射的重原子修饰晶体，以及如何确定蛋白质是否被修饰。重原子衍生化是获取蛋白质晶体相信息的最古老的技术之一，尽管它不再是首选，但它仍然是获取未知结构和低分辨率数据集相的有用技术。它对低分辨率电子密度图的链迹确认也有价值。本概述提供了该技术的摘要，针对的是该方法的首次用户。它包括何时使用它的指导方针，哪些重原子最有可能起作用，如何制备重原子溶液，如何衍生晶体以及如何确定晶体是否实际上是衍生物。
This review summarizes the reasons why the heavy-atom derivatization of protein crystals can be useful, how to select heavy atoms, how to produce a heavy-atom-modified crystal that still diffracts and how to determine whether the protein has been modified. Heavy-atom derivatization is one of the oldest techniques for obtaining phase information for protein crystals and, although it is no longer the first choice, it remains a useful technique for obtaining phases for unknown structures and for low-resolution data sets. It is also valuable for confirming the chain trace in low-resolution electron-density maps. This overview provides a summary of the technique and is aimed at first-time users of the method. It includes guidelines on when to use it, which heavy atoms are most likely to work, how to prepare heavy-atom solutions, how to derivatize crystals and how to determine whether a crystal is in fact a derivative.