Parent material and vegetation affect soil erosion in eastern Spain
Parent material and vegetation affect soil erosion in eastern Spain
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DOI：
10.2136/sssaj1999.03615995006300020014x
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发表时间：
1999-03-01
影响因子：
2.9
通讯作者：
Cerdà, A
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Cerdà, A
西班牙东部景观的特点是具有广泛的侵蚀敏感性。我们假设母质和植被影响入渗、径流和侵蚀。为了验证这一假设，在西班牙东部的三种植被覆盖率下，在泥灰岩、粘土、石灰石和砂岩母质上进行了60次现场降雨模拟试验（1小时55毫米，0.22-0.27米(2)块），分别为0至20（裸）、40至60（中等）和80至100%（植被）。地表径流和侵蚀与母质和植被覆盖有关。植被增加了入渗，减少了地表径流和侵蚀，其变异率随植被面积的增加而减小。对于裸地，稳态入渗速率为3 ~ 55 mm h(-1)，径流量为0 ~ 83%，侵蚀速率为0 ~ 3720 g m(-2) h（-1）。在植被土壤中，入渗率、径流率和侵蚀率分别为53 ~ 55毫米小时（-1）、0 ~ 9%和0 ~ 6克小时（-2）。泥质土壤的径流和侵蚀最大(分别为0-83%和0-3720 g m(-2) h(-1))，粘土和石灰石的径流和侵蚀居中(0-46%和0-131 g m（-2) h(-1)）。砂岩产生的物质和土壤损失可以忽略不计(0- 7%和0-0.29 g m（-2) h(-1)）。植被和母质的相互作用表明，在泥质土壤上，植物覆盖是阻止高径流和侵蚀率的主要因素。
Landscapes in eastern Spain are characterized by a ffide range of erosion susceptibility. We hypothesized that parent material and vegetation affect infiltration, runoff, and erosion. Sixty field rainfall simulation trials (55 mm during 1 h on 0.22-0.27 m(2) plots) mere carried out on soils formed on marl, clay, limestone, and sandstone parent material under three vegetation cover rates: 0 to 20 (bare), 40 to 60 (intermediate), and 80 to 100% (vegetated) in eastern Spain to test this hypothesis. Surface runoff and erosion were related to parent material and vegetation cover. Vegetation enhanced infiltration and reduced surface runoff and erosion, and their variability decreased as vegetation co, er increased. For bare soils, the steady-state infiltration rates ranged from 3 to 55 mm h(-1), the runoff from 0 to 83%, and the erosion rates from 0 to 3720 g m(-2) h(-1). On the vegetated soil, the values mere 53 to 55 mm h(-1), 0 to 9%, and 0 to 6 g m(-2) h(-1), respectively, for infiltration, runoff, and erosion rates. Runoff and erosion mere greatest for marl soils (0-83% and 0-3720 g m(-2) h(-1), respectively) and intermediate for clay and limestone (0-46% and 0-131 g m(-2) h(-1)). Sandstone generated negligible mater and soil losses (0-7 % and 0-0.29 g m(-2) h(-1)). The interaction of vegetation and parent material shelved that, on marl soils, plant cover was the main factor preventing high runoff and erosion rates.