Effect of time-activity adjustment on exposure assessment for traffic-related ultrafine particles.
Effect of time-activity adjustment on exposure assessment for traffic-related ultrafine particles.
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DOI：
10.1038/jes.2015.11
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发表时间：
2015-09
影响因子：
4.5
通讯作者：
Brugge D
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Lane KJ;Levy JI;Scammell MK;Patton AP;Durant JL;Mwamburi M;Zamore W;Brugge D
暴露于超细颗粒（<100 nm，估计为颗粒数浓度，PNC）不同于环境浓度，因为PNC和人的空间和时间变化。我们的目标是评估时间-活动调整对暴露分配的影响以及与高速公路附近人群血液生物标志物的相关性。一个回归模型的基础上移动的监测和空间和时间变量被用来生成每小时的环境住宅PNC为一个子集的参与者（n=140）在社区评估的高速公路暴露和健康研究。我们修改了每个小时的环境估计，使用个人估计的每小时在五个微环境（室内，室外，工作，通勤，其他）以及颗粒渗透中花费的时间。时间-活动调整（TAA）-PNC值不同于住宅环境年平均值（RAA）-PNC，预测离家时间更长的参与者的暴露量较低。就业状况和距离公路的距离对TAA-PNC有不同的影响。我们发现RAA-PNC与高敏C-反应蛋白和白细胞介素-6相关，尽管免疫反应功能是非单调的。TAA-PNC关联具有较大的效应估计值和线性响应函数。我们的研究结果表明，时间-活动调整改善了在空间和时间上变化很大的空气污染物的暴露评估。
Exposures to ultrafine particles (<100 nm, estimated as particle number concentration, PNC) differ from ambient concentrations because of the spatial and temporal variability of both PNC and people. Our goal was to evaluate the influence of time-activity adjustment on exposure assignment and associations with blood biomarkers for a near-highway population. A regression model based on mobile monitoring and spatial and temporal variables was used to generate hourly ambient residential PNC for a full year for a subset of participants (n=140) in the Community Assessment of Freeway Exposure and Health study. We modified the ambient estimates for each hour using personal estimates of hourly time spent in five micro-environments (inside home, outside home, at work, commuting, other) as well as particle infiltration. Time-activity adjusted (TAA)-PNC values differed from residential ambient annual average (RAA)-PNC, with lower exposures predicted for participants who spent more time away from home. Employment status and distance to highway had a differential effect on TAA-PNC. We found associations of RAA-PNC with high sensitivity C-reactive protein and Interleukin-6, although exposure-response functions were non-monotonic. TAA-PNC associations had larger effect estimates and linear exposure-response functions. Our findings suggest that time-activity adjustment improves exposure assessment for air pollutants that vary greatly in space and time.