Evaluating the potential role of pleiotropy in Mendelian randomization studies.

Evaluating the potential role of pleiotropy in Mendelian randomization studies.
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DOI:
10.1093/hmg/ddy163
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发表时间:
2018-08-01
影响因子:
3.5
通讯作者:
Davey Smith G
Davey Smith G
中科院分区:
生物学2区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Hemani G;Bowden J;Davey Smith G

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多效性是一种影响多种性状的单一遗传变异的现象,可能在人类基因组中广泛存在。如果由于单核苷酸多态性 (SNP) 影响一个性状,进而影响另一个性状(“垂直多效性”)而出现多效性,则可以使用孟德尔随机化 (MR) 来估计性状之间的因果影响。 MR 的许多局限性中的一个主要焦点是无法证明的假设,即明显的多效性关联是由暴露介导的(即反映垂直多效性),并且不会由于 SNP 通过独立途径影响这两个性状而出现(“水平多效性”)。通过全基因组关联研究产生的不断增长的遗传关联宝库为全表组因果推理带来了诱人的前景。近年来,人们对水平多效性问题给予了极大的关注,在这篇综述中,我们概述了如何一起使用新开发的方法来提高 MR 的可靠性。
Pleiotropy, the phenomenon of a single genetic variant influencing multiple traits, is likely widespread in the human genome. If pleiotropy arises because the single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) influences one trait, which in turn influences another (‘vertical pleiotropy’), then Mendelian randomization (MR) can be used to estimate the causal influence between the traits. Of prime focus among the many limitations to MR is the unprovable assumption that apparent pleiotropic associations are mediated by the exposure (i.e. reflect vertical pleiotropy), and do not arise due to SNPs influencing the two traits through independent pathways (‘horizontal pleiotropy’). The burgeoning treasure trove of genetic associations yielded through genome wide association studies makes for a tantalizing prospect of phenome-wide causal inference. Recent years have seen substantial attention devoted to the problem of horizontal pleiotropy, and in this review we outline how newly developed methods can be used together to improve the reliability of MR.
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