Spatial patterns in the species richness of birds in the New World
Spatial patterns in the species richness of birds in the New World
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DOI：
10.1111/j.1600-0587.1996.tb00001.x
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发表时间：
1996-12
期刊：
影响因子：
5.9
通讯作者：
T. Blackburn;K. Gaston
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
T. Blackburn;K. Gaston
利用以前用于研究地理范围大小的空间趋势的数据，分析了完整的新大陆鸟类区系物种丰富度的空间格局。这允许比较模式的变化。物种丰富度在赤道附近最高，在两个半球向高纬度地区下降。这种减少是不对称的;在相同纬度，南半球的丰富度高于北方半球，尽管在地方性方面情况正好相反。控制纬度，物种丰富度在西部高于东部。一个地区的净第一性生产力和所接收的太阳辐射都与物种丰富度相关。然而，两者都不能解释比纬度更丰富的变化。没有一个单一的机制来解释物种丰富度的空间格局，令人满意地解释了在新世界鸟类区系中观察到的格局。我们讨论了为什么会出现这种情况的原因。最后，我们指出，在低纬度的物种丰富度是不是简单的高纬度的丰富度的倍增，在高纬度和低纬度发现的物种不太可能是生态等效的。任何解释新世界鸟类丰富度模式的机制都需要考虑到这一观察结果。
Spatial patterns in species richness of the complete New World avifauna were analysed, using data previously employed to examine spatial trends in geographic range size. This allowed variation in the patterns to be compared. Species richness was highest around the equator, and decreased towards higher latitudes in both hemispheres. This decrease was asymmetrical ; at equivalent latitudes, richness was higher in the southern than in the northern hemisphere, although the reverse was true for a measure of endemism. Controlling for latitude, species richness was higher in the west than in the east. The net primary productivity of, and solar radiation received by an area were both correlated with species richness. However, neither explained more variation in richness than did latitude. No single mechanism developed to explain spatial patterns in species richness satisfactorily explains the patterns observed in the New World avifauna. We discuss reasons why this might be the case. Finally, we point out that species richness at low latitudes is not simply a multiplication of richness at high latitudes ; species found at high and low latitudes are unlikely to be ecologically equivalent. Any mechanism that is proposed to explain richness patterns in New World birds will need also to account for this observation.