Physiological and Biochemical Responses of Pearl Millet (Pennisetum glaucum L.) Seedlings Exposed to Silver Nitrate (AgNO3) and Silver Nanoparticles (AgNPs)
Physiological and Biochemical Responses of Pearl Millet (Pennisetum glaucum L.) Seedlings Exposed to Silver Nitrate (AgNO3) and Silver Nanoparticles (AgNPs)
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DOI：
10.3390/ijerph16132261
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发表时间：
2019-07-01
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Huang, Linkai
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Khan, Imran;Raza, Muhammad Ali;Huang, Linkai
银纳米颗粒（AgNP）通过其前体硝酸银（AgNO 3）的快速和连续生长增加了其环境风险，因为它们不安全地排放到周围环境中。两者都对植物有破坏作用，并诱导氧化应激。本文研究了灰绿拟青霉（P. glaucum（L.）研究了暴露于不同剂量的AgNPs和AgNO 3的幼苗。两种形式的银加速了活性氧（ROS）的产生，这对膜的稳定性产生了不利影响，由于其增强的积累，并导致在生长，即根长，芽长，新鲜和干生物量，和相对含水量显着减少。AgNO 3由于其比AgNPs更高的积累而具有更高程度的毒性，并诱导抗氧化剂酶活性的变化：超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）、过氧化物酶（POD）、过氧化氢酶（CAT）、愈创木酚过氧化物酶（GPX）、抗坏血酸过氧化物酶（APX）和谷胱甘肽还原酶（GR）活性，以及脯氨酸含量、总酚和总黄酮含量（TFCs）。叶绿素和类胡萝卜素等光合色素含量的下降以及量子产率（Fv/Fm）、光化学猝灭（qP）和非光化学猝灭（NPQ）的改变表明电子传递链（ETC）被阻断，导致光合作用受到明显抑制。有趣的是，暴露于AgNPs的幼苗显示出对P. glaucum（L.）幼苗，导致相对较低的氧化应激相比，硝酸银。结果表明，AgNO 3和AgNPs对灰绿拟青霉（P. glaucum（L.）幼苗，包括其吸收，转运和行动的机制。目前的研究结果可能是有用的植物毒性研究，设计策略，最大限度地减少对农作物的不利影响的AgNPs和AgNO 3，特别是在农业部门。
A rapid and continuous growth of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) via their precursor silver nitrate (AgNO3) has increased their environmental risk because of their unsafe discharge into the surrounding environment. Both have damaging effects on plants and induce oxidative stress. In the present study, differential responses in the morpho-physiological and biochemical profiles of P. glaucum (L.) seedlings exposed to various doses of AgNPs and AgNO3 were studied. Both have forms of Ag accelerated the reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, which adversely affected the membrane stability as a result of their enhanced accumulation, and resulted in a significant reduction in growth, that is, root length, shoot length, fresh and dry biomass, and relative water content. AgNO3 possessed a higher degree of toxicity owing to its higher accumulation than AgNPs, and induced changes in the antioxidants' enzyme activity: superoxide dismutase (SOD), peroxidase (POD), catalases (CAT), guaiacol peroxidase (GPX), ascorbate peroxidase (APX), and glutathione reductase (GR) activity, as well as proline content, total phenolic, and total flavonoids contents (TFCs) under all tested treatments (mM). A decline in photosynthetic pigments such as total chlorophyll content and carotenoid content and alterations in quantum yield (Fv/Fm), photochemical (qP), and non-photochemical quenching (NPQ) indicated the blockage of the electron transport chain (ETC), which led to a significant inhibition of photosynthesis. Interestingly, seedlings exposed to AgNPs showed less damaging effects on P. glaucum (L.) seedlings, resulting in relatively lower oxidative stress in contrast to AgNO3. Our results revealed that AgNO3 and AgNPs possessed differential phytotoxic effects on P. glaucum (L.) seedlings, including their mechanism of uptake, translocation, and action. The present findings may be useful in phytotoxic research to design strategies that minimize the adverse effects of AgNPs and AgNO3 on crops, especially in the agriculture sector.