Simulations of Marine Ecosystem Response to Climate Variation with a One Dimensional Coupled Ecosystem/Mixed Layer Model
Simulations of Marine Ecosystem Response to Climate Variation with a One Dimensional Coupled Ecosystem/Mixed Layer Model
复制标题
用一维耦合生态系统/混合层模型模拟海洋生态系统对气候变化的响应
DOI：
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发表时间：
2002
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
S. Haigh
中科院分区：
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作者：
K. Denman;M. Peña;S. Haigh
现有的观测不足以确定和了解海洋和大气变化在气候尺度上影响海洋生物群的过程。为了帮助识别和研究重要的过程，我们采用了亚北极太平洋的一维混合层/浮游生态系统(营养-浮游植物-浮游动物-碎屑)耦合模型。越来越多的证据表明，由于微量铁的缺乏，亚北极太平洋以及南大洋和赤道太平洋都是高营养-低叶绿素(HNLC)的区域。在假设铁的可获得性可能随着气候变化而变化的情况下，我们测试了我们的模型对铁限制的简单公式的响应。尽管浮游植物生物量的变化很小，但在有铁限制和不有铁限制的情况下，浮游植物初级生产力的模拟结果显示，在繁殖季节，浮游动物现存量的差异约为原来的两倍。在30年的时间里，东部亚北极太平洋的浮游动物生物量也有类似的差异(Brodeur和Ware，1992)。无论我们采用线性公式还是二次公式来描述浮游动物的损失，模型结果都会出现。这一结果的一个重要含义是，浮游动物生物量翻了一番将意味着鱼类种群有更多的食物，而当代通过卫星监测海洋生产力的计划只会检测到浮游植物生物量的微小变化。
Existing observations are inadequate to identify and to understand the processes by which oceanic and atmospheric variability affect the marine biota at climate scales. To aid in the identification and study of important processes, we employ a one-dimensional coupled mixed layer / planktonic ecosystem (Nutrient-Phytoplankton-Zooplankton-Detritus) model of the subarctic Pacific Ocean. Increasing evidence indicates that the subarctic Pacific, along with the Southern Ocean and the equatorial Pacific, are High Nutrient-Low Chlorophyll (HNLC) regimes because of the scarcity of the micronutrient iron. Under the assumption that the availability of iron might vary as the climate varies, we test the response of our model to a simple formulation of iron limitation. Simulations with and without iron limitation of primary production by phytoplankton yield a difference of about a factor of two in the standing stock of zooplankton during the productive season, although changes in phytoplankton biomass are small. A similar difference in zooplankton biomass has been observed over a 30 year period in the eastern subarctic Pacific (Brodeur and Ware, 1992). The modelled result occurs whether we employ a linear or a quadratic formulation for zooplankton losses. An important implication of this result is that a doubling in zooplankton biomass would mean more food for fish populations, yet contemporary plans to monitor ocean productivity from satellites would detect only minor changes in phytoplankton biomass.