Non-medical prescription use increases the risk for the onset and recurrence of psychopathology: results from the National Epidemiological Survey on Alcohol and Related Conditions
Non-medical prescription use increases the risk for the onset and recurrence of psychopathology: results from the National Epidemiological Survey on Alcohol and Related Conditions
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DOI：
10.1111/j.1360-0443.2011.03520.x
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发表时间：
2011-12-01
期刊：
影响因子：
6
通讯作者：
Hakes, Jahn K.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Schepis, Ty S.;Hakes, Jahn K.
目的 鉴于处方药 (NUPM) 的非医疗使用率不断上升，以及精神病理学与 NUPM 之间的强横断面关联，我们研究了 NUPM 病史是否会增加精神病理学发病和复发的风险。设计 纵向数据来自全国酒精中毒及相关病症流行病学调查 (NESARC) 的第 1 波和第 2 波。设置 NESARC 是一项全国性的、以家庭为基础的调查。参与者 共有 34,653 名完成两次 NESARC 波的美国居民参与者被纳入分析。测量 主要测量是第 1 波的 NUPM 和 Axis I 精神病理学史。第 1 波人格障碍诊断和社会人口统计学特征被用作控制变量。结果 基于设计的逻辑回归分析表明，在基线时没有精神病理学史的人中，一生和过去一年的 NUPM 第一波增加了精神病理学发作的风险，尤其是非 NUPM 物质使用和双相情感障碍的风险。在基线时诊断出这些疾病的人中，一生和过去一年的 NUPM 与酒精和非 NUPM 物质使用障碍的复发相关。相比之下，在基线时诊断不同的人中，一生和过去一年的 NUPM 与所有检查疾病的发作相关。结论 处方药的非医疗使用是精神病理学发病和复发的一致危险因素。
Aims Given the rising rates of the non-medical use of prescription medications (NUPM) and strong cross-sectional associations between psychopathology and NUPM, we examined whether a history of NUPM increased the risk for onset and recurrence of psychopathology. Design Longitudinal data are from waves 1 and 2 of the National Epidemiological Survey on Alcoholism and Related Conditions (NESARC). Setting The NESARC is a nation-wide, household-based survey. Participants A total of 34 653 US resident participants who completed both NESARC waves were included in analyses. Measurements Primary measures were history of NUPM and Axis I psychopathology at wave 1. Wave 1 personality disorder diagnosis and sociodemographic characteristics were used as control variables. Findings Design-based logistic regression analyses indicated that life-time and past year NUPM at wave 1 increased risk for onset of psychopathology among those with no history of psychopathology at baseline, with particular risk for non-NUPM substance use and bipolar disorders. Life-time and past year NUPM were associated with recurrence of alcohol and non-NUPM substance use disorders among those with these diagnoses at baseline. In contrast, life-time and past year NUPM was associated with the onset of all examined disorders among those with a different diagnosis at baseline. Conclusions Non-medical use of prescription medications is a consistent risk factor for the onset and recurrence of psychopathology.