Air-borne viable, non-viable, and allergenic fungi in a rural agricultural area of India: a 2-year study at five outdoor sampling stations
Air-borne viable, non-viable, and allergenic fungi in a rural agricultural area of India: a 2-year study at five outdoor sampling stations
复制标题
DOI：
10.1016/j.scitotenv.2003.12.007
复制
发表时间：
2004-06-29
影响因子：
9.8
通讯作者：
Chanda, S
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Adhikari, A;Sen, MM;Chanda, S
关于农村农业地区空气传播的过敏性真菌区系的信息很少。生物气溶胶研究人员没有足够的信息来选择单一采样站还是多个采样站来监测空气中可存活和不可存活的真菌。没有一项长期研究估计空气中活真菌和不活真菌的比例，早期的研究也没有集中于空气中致敏真菌占空气中总真菌负荷的比例。为了填补这些知识空白，在印度农村农业区连续两年，在五个室外采样站对空气中可存活和不可存活真菌进行了体积配对评估。每隔10天用伯卡个人玻片取样器和安徒生两级活体取样器采集样本。对5个测点、2个不同年份的真菌总数和单种真菌浓度数据进行统计分析和比较。使用安徒生采样器采集的分离物中的抗原性真菌提取物，通过对100名农村过敏患者的皮肤点刺试验，评估了流行的空气传播活真菌的过敏性。真菌总孢子浓度第1年为82~2365个/立方米空气(孢子/m(3))，第2个采样年为156~2022个孢子/m(3)。活菌的浓度范围为72-1796个菌落单位/立方米空气(cfu/m(3))和155-1256cfu/m(3)。两年间总孢子数差异无统计学意义，但5个站间差异有统计学意义(P60%)。这些过敏性真菌共占不同站点空气中活真菌总数的31.7-63.2%。研究得出的结论是：(I)农村地区存在丰富的真菌气孢子菌；(Ii)为了获得一个地区空气传播真菌孢子总数的代表性信息，多个采样站的监测比单一采样站的监测更可取；然而，对于活真菌，可以考虑一个采样站；(Iii)农村农业地区的空气真菌活性百分比较高；(Iv)农村研究地区约52%的空气传播真菌是过敏性的。(C)2003爱思唯尔B.V.保留所有权利。
The information on airborne allergenic fungal flora in rural agricultural areas is largely lacking. Adequate information is not available to the bioaerosol researchers regarding the choice of single versus multiple sampling stations for the monitoring of both viable and non-viable airborne fungi. There is no long-term study estimating the ratios of viable and non-viable fungi in the air and earlier studies did not focus on the fractions of airborne allergenic fungi with respect to the total airborne fungal load. To fill these knowledge gaps, volumetric paired assessments of airborne viable and non-viable fungi were performed in five outdoor sampling stations during two consecutive years in a rural agricultural area of India. Samples were collected at 10-day intervals by the Burkard Personal Slide Sampler and the Andersen Two-Stage Viable Sampler. The data on the concentrations of total and individual fungal types from five stations and 2 different years were analyzed and compared by statistical methods. The allergenicity of the prevalent airborne viable fungi was estimated by the skin-prick tests of > 100 rural allergy patients using the antigenic fungal extracts from isolates collected with the Andersen sampler. The ranges of total fungal spore concentration were 82-2365 spores per cubic meter of air (spores/m(3)) in the first sampling year and 156-2022 spores/m(3) in the second sampling year. The concentration ranges of viable fungi were 72-1796 colony-forming units per cubic meter of air (CFU/m(3)) in the first sampling year and 155-1256 CFU/m(3) in the second sampling year. No statistically significant difference was observed between the total spore data of the 2 years, however, the data between five stations showed a significant difference (P 60% positive reactions in the skin prick test. These selected allergenic fungi collectively represented 31.7-63.2% of the total airborne viable fungi in different stations. The study concluded that: (i) a rich fungal airspora existed in the rural study area, (ii) to achieve representative information on the total airborne fungal spores of an area, the monitoring in multiple sampling stations is preferable over a single sampling station; for viable fungi, however, one station can be considered, (iii) the percentage of airborne fungal viability is higher in rural agricultural areas, and (iv) approximately 52% of the viable airborne fungi in the rural study area were allergenic. (C) 2003 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.