Infectious diseases and daycare and preschool education
Infectious diseases and daycare and preschool education
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DOI：
10.2223/jped.1649
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发表时间：
2007-08-01
影响因子：
3.3
通讯作者：
Goldbaum, Moisés
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Nesti, Maria M. M.;Goldbaum, Moisés
目的：描述与家庭托儿相关的传染病风险的增加，以及在日托和学前教育中心控制和预防疾病传播的措施的有效性。来源：回顾MEDLINE，LILACS和Cochrane图书馆数据库中的文献，使用日托，感染，感染控制和传染病，并集中于比较家庭和家庭照看儿童的传染病风险的研究，调查结果摘要：在日托或学前教育中接受照料的儿童患感染的风险要高出两到三倍，这对个人健康和疾病在社区中的传播都有影响。在其他因素中，风险与日托中心的特点有关，简单的预防措施对于减少疾病传播是有效的。建议的措施包括：接触后适当洗手；采用标准预防措施；规范更换和处置旧尿布的常规程序；更换区域的位置和清洁程度；受污染区域的清洁和消毒；使用一次性纸巾吸鼻；分开工作人员和区域处理食物；传染病通报；对工作人员进行培训和对家长进行指导。结论：面对日托和学前教育的使用及其与获得性感染风险增加的关联，控制措施对于预防和控制传染病是不可或缺的。
Objective: To describe the increased risk of acquiring infectious diseases associated with out-of-home childcare and the effectiveness of measures for the control and prevention of diseases transmission at daycare and preschool education centers.Sources: A review of literature in the MEDLINE, LILACS and Cochrane Library databases, found using the descriptors daycare, infection, infection control and infectious diseases and focusing on studies that have compared the risk of infectious diseases for children cared for in and out of the home, related risk to the type of out-of-home care and assessed the effectiveness of preventative measures.Summary of the findings: Children cared for at daycare or in preschool education exhibit a two to three times greater risk of acquiring infections, which impacts both on individual health and on the dissemination of diseases through the community. Among other factors, the risk is associated with the characteristics of daycare centers, and simple preventative measures are effective for reducing transmission of diseases. Recommended measures include: appropriate hand washing after exposure; employment of standard precautions; standardized routines for changing and disposal of used diapers, location and cleanliness of changing area, cleaning and disinfection of contaminated areas; use of disposable tissues for blowing noses; separate workers and area for handling foods; notification of infectious diseases; training of workers and guidance for parents.Conclusions: In the face of growing utilization of daycare and preschool education and their association with increased risk of acquired infections, control measures are indispensable to the prevention and control of infectious diseases.