Bryophyte species assemblages in fire and clear-cut origin boreal forests
Bryophyte species assemblages in fire and clear-cut origin boreal forests
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火烧林和已砍伐的北方森林中的苔藓植物物种组合
DOI：
10.1016/j.foreco.2015.09.031
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发表时间：
2016
影响因子：
3.7
通讯作者：
Y. Bergeron
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
M. Paquette;C. Boudreault;N. Fenton;D. Pothier;Y. Bergeron
自然干扰和人为干扰对林下植物群落有不同的影响。调查这些差异有助于改善造林和管理做法，以便更好地实现生物多样性保护目标。利用在相似地点放置的火灾后（20-90年）和砍伐后（20-70年）森林时间序列，利用苔藓植物生活史策略（殖民：高繁殖努力但潜在寿命短；多年生：低繁殖努力但潜在寿命长）的信息来解释结果模式，研究了哪些环境因素是加拿大东部北方针叶林苔藓群落聚集的主要驱动因素。火源林分受高烈度火灾影响，随后自然更新，而砍伐林分则通过采伐林分林下的提前更新进行更新。研究结果表明，与清林相比，火灾通过杀死现有的苔藓和裸露矿质土壤，减少了多年生物种（如雪贝林）的覆盖，增加了定居物种的存在。总体物种丰富度在老林分中并没有增加太多，但一些对管理活动更敏感的物种，如苔类，往往与香脂冷杉基面积密切相关，而在成熟的原始砍伐林分中物种丰富度更高。该树种易受50 ~ 50年部分死亡事件（虫害暴发、风投）的严重影响，这可能加速异质冠层结构的形成，并产生更大的适合敏感苔藓植物物种的微生境多样性。需要进行更多的研究，以更好地了解林分组成与苔藓植物群落之间的潜在功能关系。
Natural and anthropogenic disturbances could have different impacts on understory plant communities. Investigating these differences could help improve silvicultural and management practices in order to better achieve biodiversity protection objectives. Using post-fire (20–90 years) and post-clearcutting (20–70 years) forest chronosequences placed on similar sites, we examined which environmental factors are the main drivers of bryophyte community assembly in eastern Canadian boreal forests, using information on bryophyte life-history strategies (colonist: high reproductive effort but a short potential life span; perennial: low reproductive effort and a long potential life span) to interpret the resulting patterns. The fire origin stands were affected by high-severity fires followed by natural regeneration, whereas the clear-cut stands were regenerated through the advance regeneration present in the understory of the harvested stands. Our results indicate that by killing the existing mosses and baring the mineral soil, fire tends to decrease the cover of perennial species (such asPleurozium scherberii) and increase the presence of colonist species compared with clear-cut. Overall species richness does not increase much in older stands, but some species that have been identified by previous studies as being more sensitive to management activities, such as liverworts, tend to be strongly associated with balsam fir basal area, which is higher in mature clear-cut origin stands. This tree species tends to be heavily affected by partial mortality events after >50 years (insect outbreaks, windthrow), which could accelerate the creation of heterogeneous canopy structure and generate a greater diversity of microhabitats suitable for sensitive bryophyte species. More research needs to be conducted to better understand the underlying functional relationships between overstory tree composition and bryophyte communities.