THE EFFECTS OF DIETARY ALPHA-LINOLENIC ACID ON THE COMPOSITION OF NERVE MEMBRANES, ENZYMATIC-ACTIVITY, AMPLITUDE OF ELECTROPHYSIOLOGICAL PARAMETERS, RESISTANCE TO POISONS AND PERFORMANCE OF LEARNING-TASKS IN RATS
THE EFFECTS OF DIETARY ALPHA-LINOLENIC ACID ON THE COMPOSITION OF NERVE MEMBRANES, ENZYMATIC-ACTIVITY, AMPLITUDE OF ELECTROPHYSIOLOGICAL PARAMETERS, RESISTANCE TO POISONS AND PERFORMANCE OF LEARNING-TASKS IN RATS
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DOI：
10.1093/jn/119.12.1880
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发表时间：
1989-12-01
影响因子：
4.2
通讯作者：
DURAND, G
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
BOURRE, JM;FRANCOIS, M;DURAND, G
给大鼠喂食含有具有低α-淀粉酶活性的油的饮食。亚麻酸[18：3（n-3）]含量，如向日葵油，与喂食含有大豆油或菜籽油的饮食的大鼠相比，导致所有脑细胞和细胞器中二十二碳六烯酸[22：6（n-3）]的量减少和二十二碳五烯酸[22：5（n-6）]的量增加。在大脑发育期间，大脑的n-3脂肪酸含量与食物的n-3脂肪酸含量之间存在线性关系，直到α-脂肪酸含量达到100%。亚麻酸代表200 mg/100 g食物[18：3（n-3）总膳食能量的0.4%]。超过这一点，大脑水平达到一个平台。其他器官也有类似的数值。如果18：3（n-3）代表约，则膜中22：6（n-3）的水平几乎不受亚油酸[18：2（n-6）]的膳食量的影响。0.4%的能量。在喂食含向日葵籽油饲料的大鼠细胞膜中，神经末梢中的Na+，K+-ATP酶活性为60%，全脑匀浆中的5”-核苷酸酶活性为80%，2”，3”-环核苷酸3”-磷酸二酯酶活性为喂食含大豆油饲料的大鼠细胞膜的88%。低α的饮食亚麻酸导致视网膜电图异常，其随着年龄的增长而部分消失。它对运动活动几乎没有影响，但它严重影响了梭箱测试测量的学习任务。用低α-谷氨酰胺饮食喂养大鼠，亚麻酸显示出对腹膜内注射神经毒素三乙基锡的反应比喂食正常大豆油饮食的大鼠更早死亡。
Feeding rats diets containing oils that have a low .alpha.-linolenic acid [18:3(n-3)] content, such as sunflower oil, results in reduced amounts of docosahexaenoic acid [22:6(n-3)] and increased amounts of docosapentaenoic acid [22:5(n-6)] in all brain cells and organelles compared to rats fed a diet containing soybean oil or rapeseed oil. During the period of cerebral development there is a linear relationship between the n-3 fatty acid content of the brain and that of food until .alpha.-linolenic acid represents .apprx. 200 mg/100 g food [0.4% of the total dietary energy for 18:3(n-3)]. Beyond that point brain levels reach a plateau. Similar values are also found for other organs. The level of 22:6(n-3) in membranes is little affected by the dietary quantity of linoleic acid [18:2(n-6)] if 18:3(n-3) represents .apprx. 0.4% of energy. In membranes from rats fed diets containing sunflower oil, Na+, K+-ATPase activity in nerve terminals was 60%, 5''-nucleotidase in whole brain homogenate was 80%, and 2'',3''-cyclic nucleotide 3''-phosphodiesterase was 88% of that in membranes from rats fed diets containing soybean oil. A diet low in .alpha.-linolenic acid leads to anomalies in the electroretinogram, which partially diappear with age. It has little effect on motor activity, but it seriously affects learning tasks as measured with the shuttle box test. Rats fed a diet low in .alpha.-linolenic acid showed an earlier mortality in response to an intraperitoneal injection of a neurotoxin, triethyltin, than did rats fed a normal soybean oil diet.