Political Culture and Democracy: Analyzing Cross-Level Linkages
Political Culture and Democracy: Analyzing Cross-Level Linkages
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政治文化与民主：分析跨级别联系
DOI：
10.2307/4150160
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发表时间：
2003
影响因子：
2.3
通讯作者：
C. Welzel
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
R. Inglehart;C. Welzel
个人层面的态度在维持社会层面的民主制度方面是否发挥了重要作用？在最近发表于《比较政治学》的一篇文章中，Seligson认为Inglehart在政治文化和稳定的民主之间发现的强大的总体水平相关性是虚假的，因为政治文化和公开支持民主之间没有个人水平的相关性。塞利格森的分析体现了他认为英格尔哈特的那种跨层次谬误：他把个人层面对民主的支持等同于民主制度的存在。然而，个人层面对民主的支持与社会层面的民主只有微弱的联系。民主目前几乎在所有地方都有正面的形象，但正面的意见往往是肤浅的。除非伴随着更根深蒂固的宽容、信任和参与的取向，否则有效民主的机会是很渺茫的。
Do individual-level attitudes play a significant role in sustaining democratic institutions at the societal level? In a recent article in Comparative Politics, Seligson argued that the strong aggregate-level correlations Inglehart found between political culture and stable democracy were spurious because there are no individual-level correlations between political culture and overt support for democracy. Seligson's analysis exemplifies the sort of cross-level fallacy he attributes to Inglehart: he equates individual-level support for democracy with the presence of democratic institutions. However, individual-level support of democracy is only weakly linked with societal-level democracy. Democracy currently has a positive image almost everywhere, but favorable opinions are often superficial. Unless they are accompanied by more deeply rooted orientations of tolerance, trust, and participation, chances for effective democracy are poor.