The importance of walking to public health
The importance of walking to public health
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DOI：
10.1249/mss.0b013e31817c65d0
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发表时间：
2008-07-01
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Buchner, David M.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Lee, I-Min;Buchner, David M.
目的：有明确的证据表明，体育活动，包括散步，对健康有很大的好处。这篇文章，准备作为会议的一部分，步行和健康，讨论了步行的类型，产生实质性的健康益处，认为几个方法学问题有关的流行病学研究调查步行和健康的关联，并回顾了一些原因，大的公共卫生步行的重要性。方法：回顾现有文献。由于篇幅所限，本报告不打算作全面审查，而是引用一些研究来说明所提出的观点。结果如下：步行作为一种健康的身体活动形式在20世纪90年代开始受到关注，因为新的建议强调中等强度的身体活动。1995年疾病控制中心/美国运动医学院推荐的中等强度活动的主要例子是以每小时3到4英里的速度快走。散步有益健康的证据主要来自流行病学研究。在解释这些研究的数据时，有必要考虑几个方法学问题，包括研究的设计，其他生活方式行为的混淆，以及其他类型的身体活动的混淆。步行有可能产生巨大的公共卫生影响，因为它的可及性，它记录的健康益处，以及促进步行的有效计划已经存在的事实。结论：步行是一种简单的健康行为，可以降低慢性病的发病率，改善不断上升的医疗保健成本，与活动有关的伤害数量只会略有增加。
Purpose: There is clear evidence that physical activity, including walking, has substantial benefits for health. This article, prepared as part of the proceedings of a conference on walking and health, discusses the type of walking that produces substantial health benefits, considers several methodological issues pertinent to epidemiologic studies investigating the association of walking and health, and reviews some of the reasons for the large public health importance of walking. Methods: Review of the available literature. Due to space constraints, this is not intended to be a comprehensive review; instead, selected studies are cited to illustrate the points raised. Results: Walking as a healthful form of physical activity began to receive attention in the 1990s due to new recommendations that emphasized moderate-intensity physical activity. The main example of moderate-intensity activity in the 1995 Centers for Disease Control/American College of Sports Medicine recommendation was brisk walking at 3 to 4 mph. Evidence for the health benefits of walking comes largely from epidemiologic studies. When interpreting the data from such studies, it is necessary to consider several methodological issues, including the design of the study, confounding by other lifestyle behaviors, and confounding by other kinds of physical activity. Walking has the potential to have a large public health impact due to its accessibility, its documented health benefits, and the fact that effective programs to promote walking already exist. Conclusions: Walking is a simple health behavior that can reduce rates of chronic disease and ameliorate rising health care costs, with only a modest increase in the number of activity-related injuries.