Brief and rare mental "breaks" keep you focused: Deactivation and reactivation of task goals preempt vigilance decrements
Brief and rare mental "breaks" keep you focused: Deactivation and reactivation of task goals preempt vigilance decrements
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DOI：
10.1016/j.cognition.2010.12.007
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发表时间：
2011-03-01
期刊：
影响因子：
3.4
通讯作者：
Lleras, Alejandro
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Ariga, Atsunori;Lleras, Alejandro
我们新提出的警觉性递减发生，因为认知控制系统未能保持积极的警觉任务的目标在较长的时间（目标习惯化）。此外，我们假设暂时停用该目标（通过任务切换）将防止警惕目标的激活水平变得习惯化。我们要求观察者执行视觉警戒任务，同时保持记忆中的数字。当观察者在警戒任务结束时取回数字时，他们的警戒表现随着时间的推移急剧下降。然而，当观察员被要求在警戒任务中偶尔选择数字时，警戒减弱被避免。我们的研究结果提出了一个直接的挑战，普遍认为，警惕性下降是由于注意力资源的枯竭，并提供了一个易于处理的机制，以防止这种阴险的现象在日常生活中。(C)2010 Elsevier B.V.保留所有权利。
We newly propose that the vigilance decrement occurs because the cognitive control system fails to maintain active the goal of the vigilance task over prolonged periods of time (goal habituation). Further, we hypothesized that momentarily deactivating this goal (via a switch in tasks) would prevent the activation level of the vigilance goal from ever habituating. We asked observers to perform a visual vigilance task while maintaining digits in-memory. When observers retrieved the digits at the end of the vigilance task, their vigilance performance steeply declined over time. However, when observers were asked to sporadically recollect the digits during the vigilance task, the vigilance decrement was averted. Our results present a direct challenge to the pervasive view that vigilance decrements are due to a depletion of attentional resources and provide a tractable mechanism to prevent this insidious phenomenon in everyday life. (C) 2010 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.