Exposure to Early Life Pain: Long Term Consequences and Contributing Mechanisms.
Exposure to Early Life Pain: Long Term Consequences and Contributing Mechanisms.
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DOI：
10.1016/j.cobeha.2015.11.015
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发表时间：
2016-02
影响因子：
5
通讯作者：
Murphy AZ
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Victoria NC;Murphy AZ
从进化的角度来看，生物体对早期环境的适应对于生存至关重要。早期生活扰动的发生，伴随着发育可塑性的增强，为这种适应得以程式化并贯穿一生提供了独特契机。然而，在早期环境中有助于维持体内平衡的适应，可能会导致极端的应对策略，使个体在日后生活中易出现机能障碍或变得脆弱。本综述总结了近期人类和动物研究的发现，这些研究表明，早期生活中的疼痛会导致个体在日后生活中对急性和持续性疼痛及压力产生低敏/高敏表型。研究还观察到，早期生活中的疼痛会引发认知和免疫功能的变化。本文讨论了这些长期变化背后的神经机制的最新数据，以及将早期生活疼痛影响降至最低的潜在策略。
From an evolutionary perspective, adaptations of an organism to its early environment are essential for survival. The occurrence of early life perturbation, coincident with increased developmental plasticity, provides a unique opportunity for such adaptations to become programmed and persist throughout life. However, adaptations that are beneficial to maintaining homeostasis in one's early environment may result in extreme response strategies that confer vulnerability or dysfunction later in life. This review summarizes recent findings in human and animal studies demonstrating that early life pain results in a hypo-/hyper-sensitive phenotype in response to acute and persistent pain and stress later in life. Changes in cognition and immune function in response to early life pain have also been observed. Recent data on the neural mechanisms underlying these long-term changes are discussed, as well as potential strategies to minimize the impact of early life pain.