Social perception of facial resemblance in humans
Social perception of facial resemblance in humans
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DOI：
10.1007/s10508-007-9266-0
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发表时间：
2008-02-01
影响因子：
3.8
通讯作者：
Perrett, David I.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
DeBruine, Lisa M.;Jones, Benedict C.;Perrett, David I.
有两条推理线预测，高度社会化的物种将有机制影响它们对个体的行为，这取决于它们的亲缘关系程度。首先，包容性适应度理论预测生物体会优先帮助近亲而不是远亲个体。其次，对近亲繁殖的相对成本和潜在收益的评估表明，在选择配偶时也应考虑亲属关系的程度。为了在具有不同亲缘关系的个体之间进行行为区分，生物体必须能够区分亲属关系的线索。面部相似就是人类的一个潜在线索。人脸图像的计算机图形处理使得通过面部表型匹配实验测试关于人类亲属识别的假设成为可能。我们回顾了最近的实验证据，这些证据表明，人类对面部相似性的反应方式与包容性适应性理论和近亲繁殖成本的考虑相一致，即在性关系背景下，通过增加亲社会行为和对自我相似图像的积极归因，以及选择性地缓和对异性面孔的吸引力归因。
Two lines of reasoning predict that highly social species will have mechanisms to influence behavior toward individuals depending on their degree of relatedness. First, inclusive fitness theory leads to the prediction that organisms will preferentially help closely related kin over more distantly related individuals. Second, evaluation of the relative costs and potential benefits of inbreeding suggests that the degree of kinship should also be considered when choosing a mate. In order to behaviorally discriminate between individuals with different levels of relatedness, organisms must be able to discriminate cues of kinship. Facial resemblance is one such potential cue in humans. Computer-graphic manipulation of face images has made it possible to experimentally test hypotheses about human kin recognition by facial phenotype matching. We review recent experimental evidence that humans respond to facial resemblance in ways consistent with inclusive fitness theory and considerations of the costs of inbreeding, namely by increasing prosocial behavior and positive attributions toward self-resembling images and selectively tempering attributions of attractiveness to other-sex faces in the context of a sexual relationship.