Multicomponent nature underlies the extraordinary mechanical properties of spider dragline silk
Multicomponent nature underlies the extraordinary mechanical properties of spider dragline silk
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DOI：
10.1073/pnas.2107065118
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发表时间：
2021-08-03
影响因子：
11.1
通讯作者：
Arakawa, Kazuharu
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Kono, Nobuaki;Nakamura, Hiroyuki;Arakawa, Kazuharu
金色圆织蜘蛛（Nephilinae）的拖丝以其无与伦比的韧性而闻名，结合了非凡的延展性和拉伸强度，表明其作为可持续生物聚合物材料的工业应用。为了查明拖丝的分子组成及其成分在实现其机械性能的作用，我们报告了一个多组学方法，结合高质量的基因组测序和组装，丝腺转录组学，和拖丝蛋白质组学的四个Nephilinae蜘蛛。我们观察到的MaSp3B蜘蛛丝蛋白独特的这个亚科，以及几个nonspidroin SpiCE蛋白的一致存在。这些组分的人工合成和体外组合表明，拖丝的多组分性质，包括MaSp3B和SpiCE，沿着MaSp1和MaSp2，对于实现蜘蛛拖丝的机械性能是必不可少的。
Dragline silk of golden orb-weaver spiders (Nephilinae) is noted for its unsurpassed toughness, combining extraordinary extensibility and tensile strength, suggesting industrial application as a sustainable biopolymer material. To pinpoint the molecular composition of dragline silk and the roles of its constituents in achieving its mechanical properties, we report a multiomics approach, combining highquality genome sequencing and assembly, silk gland transcriptomics, and dragline silk proteomics of four Nephilinae spiders. We observed the consistent presence of the MaSp3B spidroin unique to this subfamily as well as several nonspidroin SpiCE proteins. Artificial synthesis and the combination of these components in vitro showed that the multicomponent nature of dragline silk, including MaSp3B and SpiCE, along with MaSp1 and MaSp2, is essential to realize the mechanical properties of spider dragline silk.