Organ formation at the vegetative shoot meristem
Organ formation at the vegetative shoot meristem
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DOI：
10.1105/tpc.9.7.1067
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发表时间：
1997-07-01
期刊：
影响因子：
11.6
通讯作者：
Clark, SE
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Clark, SE
在高等植物中，器官形成对于产生植物的营养部分是至关重要的。胚基器官的形成发生在胚胎发生过程中形成的茎分生组织（SM）中。SM如何作为连续器官形成的场所发挥作用是植物发育生物学的中心问题。这不仅是因为所有的地上器官都是由SM发起的，而且还因为它们的位置和身份都是在那里建立的。SM保留了通过两个基本过程形成器官的能力（图1）。SM的第一个功能是维持未分化细胞库。如果没有未分化的细胞，新的器官就不可能形成。第二个过程是引导适当定位的未分化细胞朝向器官形成和最终分化。虽然分生组织的结构在植物界是可变的，但所有复杂的多细胞植物都调节其各自分生组织的未分化和分化命运之间的平衡。因此，阐明模式植物如拟南芥调控分生组织发育的机制有望对多种植物物种产生影响。
In higher plants, organ formation is critical for generating the vegetative portion of the plant. Above-ground organ formation occurs at a collection of stem cells termed the shoot meristem (SM), which is established during embryogenesis. How the SM functions as a site of continuous organ formation is a central question for plant developmental biology. This is not only because all above-ground organs are initiated by the SM but also because their position and identity are established there.The SM retains the capability to form organs through two fundamental processes (Figure 1). The first function of the SM is to maintain a pool of undifferentiated cells. Without undifferentiated cells to draw upon, new organ initiation would not be possible. The second process is to direct appropriately positioned undifferentiated cells toward organ formation and eventual differentiation. Although the structure of meristems is variable across the plant kingdom, all complex multicellular plants regulate the balance between an undifferentiated and differentiated fate at their respective meristems. Thus, unraveling the mechanisms by which model plants such as Arabidopsis regulate meristem development is expected to have implications for a wide variety of plant species.