Replacement of freshwater small-size fish by formulated feed in snakehead (Channa striata) aquaculture: Experimental and commercial-scale pond trials, with economic analysis
Replacement of freshwater small-size fish by formulated feed in snakehead (Channa striata) aquaculture: Experimental and commercial-scale pond trials, with economic analysis
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DOI：
10.1016/j.aqrep.2016.06.003
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发表时间：
2016-11
影响因子：
3.7
通讯作者：
T. T. Hien-T.;Nguyen Hoang Duc Trung;Bui Minh Tâm;Vo Minh Que Chau;Nguyen Hoang Huy;C. Lee;D. Bengtson
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
T. T. Hien-T.;Nguyen Hoang Duc Trung;Bui Minh Tâm;Vo Minh Que Chau;Nguyen Hoang Huy;C. Lee;D. Bengtson
东南亚传统的黑鱼养殖依赖于使用小型（垃圾）鱼作为食物，这是一种不可持续的做法。在实验室实验中断奶方法和配方饲料（FF）测试的发展之后，我们在坎托大学（CTU）的实验池塘中进行了FF与杂鱼（TF）的饲养试验，随后在越南两个省的商业农场进行了类似的试验。CTU池塘试验由五个处理（一式三份）组成，其中TF以增加的百分比被FF替代：0（对照）、25、50、75和100% TF被FF替代（即，三个处理具有混合的TF/FF饮食）。虽然在100%替代处理中存活率显著降低，并且在75%和100%替代处理中生长显著降低，但与0%替代处理相比，在这些高替代处理中生产的每公斤鱼的成本降低了28-35%。然后在安江省和东塔省的两个农场进行了为期6个月的农场试验，其中黑鱼仅饲喂TF或FF。在两个养殖场，存活率（73-80%）没有显著差异，但在两个养殖场，FF饲料喂养的鱼生长显著更好;然而，安江养殖场的FF饲料喂养的鱼显示出显著更高水平的异常发育。安江养殖场的总产量大约是东塔养殖场的两倍，但只有东塔养殖场的FF饲养鱼类的产量显著高于TF饲养鱼类。由品尝小组进行的感官评价发现，FF喂养的鱼、TF喂养的鱼和市场上购买的商业样品之间的产品质量没有差异。经济分析表明，尽管生产成本和销售差异很大，但两个养殖场的FF饲养鱼的利润更高，反映了两个省的市场差异。
Traditional snakehead culture in Southeast Asia relies on use of small-size (trash) fish as food, an unsustainable practice. Following development of weaning methods and testing of formulated feed (FF) in laboratory experiments, we conducted feeding trials of FF vs. trash fish (TF) in experimental ponds at Can Tho University (CTU), followed by similar trials on commercial farms in two provinces in Vietnam. CTU pond trials consisted of five treatments (in triplicate), in which TF was replaced by FF in increasing percentages: 0 (control), 25, 50, 75, and 100% replacement of TF by FF (i.e., three treatments had mixed TF/FF diets). Although survival was significantly reduced in the 100% replacement treatment, and growth was significantly reduced in the 75% and 100% replacement treatments, the cost per kg of fish produced was 28–35% less in those high-replacement treatments compared to the 0% replacement treatment. On-farm trials were then conducted at two farms in An Giang and Dong Thap provinces for 6 months with snakehead fed TF only or FF only. At both farms, survival (73–80%) was not significantly different, but growth was significantly better on FF diet at both; however, FF-fed fish at the An Giang farm showed significantly higher levels of abnormal development. Overall production was about twice as high at the An Giang farm as at Dong Thap, but significantly greater production by FF-fed fish vs. TF-fed fish was only seen at Dong Thap. Sensory evaluation by a tasting panel found no difference in product quality between FF-fed fish, TF-fed fish, and a commercial sample bought in the market. Economic analysis indicated that profits were higher for FF-fed fish from both farms, although production costs and sales varied greatly, reflecting market differences in the two provinces.