Optical measurement of hematocrit and other biological constituents in renal therapy
Optical measurement of hematocrit and other biological constituents in renal therapy
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DOI：
10.1016/s1073-4449(99)70017-8
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发表时间：
1999-07-01
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Barrett, LL
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Steuer, RR;Bell, DA;Barrett, LL
光学传感器在过去20年中取得了显著的进步，导致了今天的非侵入性光学测量能力及其在肾脏治疗中的广泛应用。这些测量为临床医生提供了显著的优势。例如，可以实时(连续地、非破坏性地)监测给定的血液成分，这有助于通过即时视觉反馈以最佳方式“滴定”治疗。光学方法还有另一个固有的优势，那就是每个生物成分都有自己独特的光谱“特征”，允许同时、多次和特定地测量生物分析物。今天，在肾脏治疗中使用这项新兴的频谱技术可以提高患者的安全性(通过测量血浆游离血红蛋白、微栓子、凝块、血氧饱和度、血液泄漏和红细胞压积)，测量透析剂量(透析液尿素水平)、干重(组织水监测)、通路存活率(再循环、通路血流量)、心脏状态(绝对血量、心输出量)和增强的持续液体管理(液体超负荷、临界血量)。随着微电子学和信号处理能力的不断进步，光学诊断和治疗的未来也将如此。这些能力直接转化为患者生活质量的提高。(C)1999年，由国家肾脏基金会公司提供。
Optical sensors have advanced significantly over the past 2 decades leading to today's noninvasive optical measurement capabilities and their widespread applications in renal therapy. These measurements provide significant advantages to the clinician. For example, a given blood constituent can be monitored in real time (continuously, nondestructively), which facilitates the ability to optimally "titrate" the therapy with immediate visual feedback. Optical methods have another intrinsic advantage in that each biologic constituent has its own unique spectral "signature" allowing for simultaneous, multiple, and specific measurements of biologic analytes. Use of this budding spectral technology in renal therapy today provides for increased patient safety (by measuring plasma-free hemoglobin, microemboli, clots, oxygen saturation, blood leaks, and hematocrit), measurements of dialysis dose (dialysate urea levels), dry weight (tissue water monitoring), access viability (recirculation, access blood flow), cardiac status (absolute blood volume, cardiac output), and enhanced continuous fluid management (fluid overload, critical blood volume). As microelectronics and signal processing capabilities continue to advance, so will the future of optical diagnosis and treatment. These capabilities translate directly to improved patient quality of life. (C) 1999 by the National Kidney Foundation, Inc.