EVOLUTIONARY TRENDS IN GENUS GINKGO
EVOLUTIONARY TRENDS IN GENUS GINKGO
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DOI：
10.1111/j.1502-3931.1968.tb01728.x
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发表时间：
1968-01-01
期刊：
影响因子：
1.5
通讯作者：
TRALAU, H
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
TRALAU, H
提出了银杏属内由不同科组成的三个独立的系统发育群。目前已知的化石证据被认为不可能从任何其他属中推断出银杏属。最古老的银杏发现于下侏罗纪。在白垩纪，叶片残留物的多形性增加预示着新物种的出现。在早白垩世，也出现了一种被称为ASG的叶子。Adiantoids和ASG.从大体形态和解剖学的角度来看，这片叶子与第三纪和最近的银杏种群几乎相同，因此很可能是现在的银杏和下白垩世的银杏的直系祖先。到了下第三纪时，已经发生了相当大的减少，只剩下一种粗略的形态类型的叶，那就是OFG。Adiantoid。建议与g相同。虽然没有确凿的证据，但可以推测，该属的最终退化到今天的东亚家园，发生在更新世。
Three main independent phylogenetic groups withinGinkgoales, consisting of different families, are suggested. It is considered impossible to deduce the genusGinkgofrom any other genus by means of fossil evidence known at present.The oldest finds ofGinkgodate from the Lower Jurassic. During the Cretaceous, increasing polymorphy in foliar remains indicates the rise of new species. During the Lower Cretaceous there also appears a type of leaf known both asG. adiantoidesand asG. paradiantoides.This leaf is from the gross morphological and the anatomical point of view almost identical with the Tertiary and RecentGinkgopopulations, thus making a direct ancestry between the present‐dayGinkgoand those of the Lower Cretaceous likely. By Lower Tertiary times a considerable reduction has taken place leaving only one gross morphological type of leaf, that ofG. adiantoides.This is suggested to be identical withG. biloba.Although there is no positive evidence, it can be assumed that the final reduction of the genus, to its present‐day East Asiatic home, has taken place during the Pleistocene period.