Executive functions.
Executive functions.
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DOI：
10.1016/b978-0-444-64150-2.00020-4
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发表时间：
2020-01-01
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Diamond, Adele
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Diamond, Adele
第一，确定执行职能。然后简要描述了儿童执行功能的发展，从婴儿期到10-11岁。处理速度和执行功能的发展之间的关系得到解决。最后，工具和指针评估执行功能在年幼和年长的儿童进行了讨论。一个值得注意的是，几乎没有一个执行功能的措施只需要一个执行功能。一个孩子可能会因为抑制控制（非工作记忆）的问题而无法完成工作记忆任务，因为工作记忆问题而无法完成抑制控制任务，或者因为抑制控制或工作记忆的问题而无法完成认知灵活性，计划或推理任务。
First, executive functions are defined. Then the development of executive functions in children, from infancy to 10-11 years of age, is briefly described. The relation between the speed of processing and the development of executive functions is addressed. Finally, tools and pointers for evaluating executive functioning in younger and older children are discussed. A cautionary note is sounded, in that almost no executive function measure requires only one executive function. A child might fail a working memory task because of problems with inhibitory control (not working memory), fail an inhibitory control task because of working memory problems, or fail a cognitive flexibility, planning, or reasoning task because of problems with inhibitory control or working memory.