Revisiting the blocking force test on ferroelectric ceramics using high energy x-ray diffraction
Revisiting the blocking force test on ferroelectric ceramics using high energy x-ray diffraction
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DOI：
10.1063/1.4918928
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发表时间：
2015-05-07
影响因子：
3.2
通讯作者：
Withers, P. J.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Daniel, L.;Hall, D. A.;Withers, P. J.
阻挡力测试是表征压电致动器性能的标准测试。本研究的目的是了解实验期间观察到的宏观行为的各种贡献，包括固有压电效应、铁电畴切换和内应力发展。为此，在四方锆钛酸铅（PZT）陶瓷（Pb0.98Ba0.01（Zr0.51Ti0.49）（0.98）Nb0.02O3）的阻挡力测试过程中进行了原位高能衍射实验。结果表明，通常的宏观线性测试解释也可以在单晶尺度上进行，从而可以识别局部表观压电和弹性特性。还表明，尽管存在这种明显的线性，但阻挡力测试涉及显着的非线性行为，这主要是由于电场和应力下的域切换所致。尽管影响材料的有限体积分数，但域切换造成了很大一部分宏观应变，并解释了在实验过程中观察到的高水平的晶间和晶内应力。研究表明，如果可以从阻塞应力曲线中识别 PZT 单晶的表观压电和弹性性能，由于涉及的物理机制的多样性，它们可能与多晶材料的实际性能有很大不同。这些明显的属性可用于宏观建模目的，但如果旨在进行局部分析，则应谨慎考虑。 (C) 2015 年作者。除非另有说明，所有文章内容均根据 Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Unported License 获得许可。
The blocking force test is a standard test to characterise the properties of piezoelectric actuators. The aim of this study is to understand the various contributions to the macroscopic behaviour observed during this experiment that involves the intrinsic piezoelectric effect, ferroelectric domain switching, and internal stress development. For this purpose, a high energy diffraction experiment is performed in-situ during a blocking force test on a tetragonal lead zirconate titanate (PZT) ceramic (Pb0.98Ba0.01(Zr0.51Ti0.49)(0.98)Nb0.02O3). It is shown that the usual macroscopic linear interpretation of the test can also be performed at the single crystal scale, allowing the identification of local apparent piezoelectric and elastic properties. It is also shown that despite this apparent linearity, the blocking force test involves significant non-linear behaviour mostly due to domain switching under electric field and stress. Although affecting a limited volume fraction of the material, domain switching is responsible for a large part of the macroscopic strain and explains the high level of inter-and intra-granular stresses observed during the course of the experiment. The study shows that if apparent piezoelectric and elastic properties can be identified for PZT single crystals from blocking stress curves, they may be very different from the actual properties of polycrystalline materials due to the multiplicity of the physical mechanisms involved. These apparent properties can be used for macroscopic modelling purposes but should be considered with caution if a local analysis is aimed at. (C) 2015 Author(s). All article content, except where otherwise noted, is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Unported License.