Socially tolerant relationships among wild male moor macaques (Macaca maura)
Socially tolerant relationships among wild male moor macaques (Macaca maura)
复制标题
野生雄性沼泽猕猴（Macaca maura）之间的社会宽容关系
DOI：
10.1163/1568539x-00003182
复制
发表时间：
2014
期刊：
影响因子：
1.3
通讯作者：
N. P. Oka
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
E. Riley;C. Sagnotti;M. Carosi;N. P. Oka
研究人员越来越多地记录了灵长类雄性动物中存在的社会宽容和亲和行为，包括在雄性分散物种中。我们调查了一个相对研究不足的猕猴物种，摩尔猕猴（猕猴毛拉）的男性社会关系的性质，以扩大我们的知识，男性社会关系的男性分散灵长类动物。灵长类动物的社会风格分类主要依赖于女性社会关系的数据。因此，通过提供雄性-雄性关系的数据，我们也有助于我们了解猕猴属内的社会风格变化。在印度尼西亚南苏拉威西岛的Bantimurung-Bulusaraung国家公园，对一个野生但习惯良好的群体进行了观察。我们收集了4只成年雄性的焦点动物和自由采食数据，记录了2010年和2011年两个田间季节209个接触小时的社会行为。本研究中的成年雄性摩尔猕猴没有频繁的互动。确实更频繁发生的互动涉及从属关系而不是侵略，问候是最常见的互动形式。问候语发生在一个占主导地位的中性背景下，更常见于特定的男性之间的不确定或模糊的优势关系和低质量的关系，但发起的问候是没有联系的优势排名。这些结果表明，问候使男性沟通的信息，他们愿意投资的关系，代表一种方式，为成年男性，以缓解社会紧张局势，建立社会纽带。为了扩大我们对猕猴社会风格变化的理解，我们将我们的数据与其他猕猴类群的数据进行了比较。在本研究中，观察到的攻击模式（即，低比率，低至中等强度和高度对称性）与物种的社会风格分类高度耐受性一致。然而，相对较低的理毛率和低比例的反侵入，更符合社会风格的宽容性较低的类群。还需要进一步的研究来确定是什么因素解释了雄性摩尔猕猴的这种社会容忍模式。
Researchers are increasingly documenting the existence of social tolerance and affiliative behavior among primate males, including in male-dispersing species. We investigated the nature of male social relationships in a relatively understudied macaque species, the moor macaque (Macaca maura), in order to expand our knowledge of male social relationships in male dispersing primates. The classification of social styles for primates rests largely on data about female social relationships. Therefore, by providing data on male–male relationships, we also contribute to our understanding of social style variation within the genus Macaca. Observations were conducted on a wild yet well-habituated group in Bantimurung-Bulusaraung National Park in South Sulawesi, Indonesia. We collected focal animal and ad libitum data on four adult males, recording social behavior during 209 contact hours over two field seasons in 2010 and 2011. The adult male moor macaques in this study did not interact frequently. Interactions that did occur more frequently involved affiliation rather than aggression, with greetings being the most common form of interaction. Greetings occurred in a predominately neutral context and were more common between specific males with uncertain or ambiguous dominance relationships and low-quality relationships, but the initiation of greetings was not linked to dominance rank. These results suggest that greetings enable males to communicate information about their willingness to invest in the relationship, representing one way for adult males to ease social tension and build social bonds. To expand our understanding of social style variation in Macaca, we compared our data to those published for other macaque taxa. In the present study, the observed pattern of aggression (i.e., low rate, low to moderate intensity and high symmetry) was consistent with the species’ social style classification as highly tolerant. The relatively low grooming rate and low percentage of counteraggression, however, were more consistent with the social style of less tolerant taxa. Further research is needed to determine what factors explain this pattern of social tolerance among male moor macaques.