The Enduring Association between Education and Mortality: The Role of Widening and Narrowing Disparities
The Enduring Association between Education and Mortality: The Role of Widening and Narrowing Disparities
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DOI：
10.1177/0003122411411276
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发表时间：
2011-12-01
影响因子：
9.1
通讯作者：
Rogers, Richard G.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Miech, Richard;Pampel, Fred;Rogers, Richard G.
本文研究了美国不同死因中教育差异在死亡率方面的出现、增长、下降和消失，以及这些变化如何促成教育与死亡率之间长期存在的联系。以40至64岁的成年人为研究对象，我们首先考察了1989年至2007年期间教育差异对死亡率的影响程度。然后，我们测试了基本原因预测，即死亡率的教育差异持续存在，部分原因是随着时间的推移，新的健康结果发生了变化。我们关注的是1999年至2007年这段时间，当时所有的死亡原因都被编码到同一分类系统中。结果表明：(1)不同死因的教育差异在不断扩大和缩小；(2)随着死亡率的上升，几乎所有死因的教育差异也在不断扩大；(3)如果没有1999年以来新出现和不断扩大的教育差异，死亡率的总教育差异今天将缩小约25%。这些结果表明，从理论上和政策上确定导致健康差距随时间扩大的社会力量具有重要意义。
This article examines how educational disparities in mortality emerge, grow, decline, and disappear across causes of death in the United States, and how these changes contribute to the enduring association between education and mortality over time. Focusing on adults age 40 to 64 years, we first examine the extent to which educational disparities in mortality persisted from 1989 to 2007. We then test the fundamental cause prediction that educational disparities in mortality persist, in part, by shifting to new health outcomes over time. We focus on the period from 1999 to 2007, when all causes of death were coded to the same classification system. Results indicate (1) substantial widening and narrowing of educational disparities in mortality across causes of death, (2) almost all causes of death with increasing mortality rates also had widening educational disparities, and (3) the total educational disparity in mortality would be about 25 percent smaller today if not for newly emergent and growing educational disparities since 1999. These results point to the theoretical and policy importance of identifying social forces that cause health disparities to widen over time.