Seasonal changes in diet, digestive morphology and digestive efficiency in the rufous-collared sparrow (Zonotrichia Capensis) in Central Chile
Seasonal changes in diet, digestive morphology and digestive efficiency in the rufous-collared sparrow (Zonotrichia Capensis) in Central Chile
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DOI：
10.2307/1369876
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发表时间：
1996-11
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
F. Novoa;C. Veloso;M. V. López-Calleja;F. Bozinovic
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
F. Novoa;C. Veloso;M. V. López-Calleja;F. Bozinovic
鸟类能量需求以及环境食物供应和质量的季节性变化影响鸟类获取和消化食物的能力（Karasov 1990）。新陈代谢率的增加、胃肠道的肥大和营养物质吸收的增加可以被视为越冬鸟类对物理和生物季节性栖息地的反应（Sible 1981，Dykstra 和 Karasov 1992）。智利中部气候季节性，夏季温暖干燥，冬季凉爽多雨；年平均气温为 22.1"C，年平均最低气温为 7.7"C (di Castri 和 Hajek 1976)。智利中部地中海环境中最引人注目的留鸟之一是红领麻雀 Zonotrichia capensis (Emberizidae)。该物种是机会主义的，以种子和昆虫为食，并根据食物供应情况表现出季节性饮食变化（L6pez-Calleja 1995）。该物种的个体在代谢率和隔热方面也表现出季节性变化（Novoa 1993）。因此，Z. capensis 生活在能源可用性和需求明显季节性变化的情况下。具体来说，当冬季营养需求增加时，鸟类可能会通过行为、解剖和生理变化来应对季节性环境，从而维持正能量预算，从而实现生存。这项工作的目的是研究智利中部红领麻雀饮食季节变化、消化道形态和消化效率之间的关系。
Seasonal changes in birds' energy requirements as well as in environmental food availability and quality, influence birds' capability to obtain and digest food (Karasov 1990). Increased metabolic rates, hypertrophy of the gastrointestinal tract, and increased absorption of nutrients may be viewed as responses ofwintering birds to physical and biotic seasonal habitats (Sibly 1981, Dykstra and Karasov 1992). In central Chile, the climate is seasonal with warm, dry summers and cool rainy winters; mean annual temperature is 22.1"C and mean annual minimum temperature is 7.7"C (di Castri and Hajek 1976). One of the most conspicuous resident birds of the mediterranean environments in central Chile is the Rufouscollared Sparrow Zonotrichia capensis (Emberizidae). This species is opportunistic, feeding on seeds and insects and showing seasonal dietary shifts according to food availability (L6pez-Calleja 1995). Individuals of this species also exhibit seasonal changes in metabolic rates and thermal insulation (Novoa 1993). Consequently, Z. capensis lives under marked seasonal variations in energy availability and requirements. Specifically, when nutritional demands increase during winter, birds may respond to the seasonal environment through behavioral, anatomical and physiological changes that allow the maintenance of a positive energy budget and consequently permit survival. The aim of this work is to examine the relationship between seasonal changes in diet, digestive tract morphology, and digestive efficiency ofRufous-collared Sparrows in central Chile.